𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *aljaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos. The -jis in the nominative singular results from morphological levelling with the oblique forms, as the expected outcome of *-jaz in Gothic following a consonant would otherwise have been *-is. Other examples of this development include 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis), 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌾𐌹𐍃 (niujis), 𐌽𐌹𐌸𐌾𐌹𐍃 (niþjis) and 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌹𐍃 (midjis).

Determiner

𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 • (aljis)

1. other, another

   Synonym: 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂 (anþar)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Corinthians 1:13:

     𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌽𐌹 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃, 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐌸𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍆𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍅𐌴𐌽𐌾𐌰 𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹 𐌿𐍆𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌸,

     untē ni alja mēljam izwis, alja þōei anakunnaiþ aiþþau jah ufkunnaiþ; aþþan wēnja ei und andi ufkunnaiþ,

     For we write none other things unto you, than what ye read or acknowledge; and I trust ye shall acknowledge even to the end; (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Galatians 5:10:

     𐌹𐌺 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌹𐌸; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐍅𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌰 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌹 𐌸𐍉 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌲𐌹𐌸𐌰, 𐍃𐌰𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌿𐌷 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹.

     ik gatraua in izwis in fraujin þatei ni waiht aljis hugjiþ; aþþan sa drōbjands izwis sa bairai þō wargiþa, saƕazuh saei sijai.

     I have confidence in you through the Lord, that ye will be none otherwise minded: but he that troubleth you shall bear his judgment, whosoever he be. (KJV)

   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, 1 Timothy 1:10:

     𐌷𐍉𐍂𐌰𐌼, 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌼, 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼, 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌼, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐍈𐌰 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌸,

     hōram, mannans gaþiwandam, liugnjam, ufarswaram, jah jabai ƕa aljis þizai hailōn laiseinai andstandiþ,

     For whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, for menstealers, for liars, for perjured persons, and if there be any other thing that is contrary to sound doctrine; (KJV)

   • 6th century ad, anonymous author, Skeireins 7:4, translated by James W. Marchand:

     𐌹𐌸 𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐍄 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌳𐌰, 𐌸𐍉 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌿𐍃𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽, 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆 𐌸𐌿𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌴 𐌹𐌽𐌿𐌷 𐌵𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌰𐍄 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌼𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍄 𐌽𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐍉𐌷𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌶𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌽𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍆𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌼 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐍆, 𐌰𐌺 𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉; 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐍉 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌴𐌹, 𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌴 ·𐌹𐌱· 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌾𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐍉𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐍆𐌻𐌹𐍆𐌽𐍉𐌳𐌰.

     iþ eis at hauja managamma wisandin in þamma stada, þō filusna anakumbjan gatawidēdun, fimf þusundjōs wairē inuh qinōns jah barna swē at mikilamma nahtamata anakumbjandans at ni wisandin aljai waihtai ufar þans fimf hlaibans jah twans fiskans, þanzei nimands jah awiliudōnds gaþiuþida, jah swa managai ganōhjands ins wailawiznai ni þatainei ganauhan þaurftais im fragaf, ak filaus maizō; afar þatei matida sō managei, bigitan was þizei hlaibē ·ib· tainjōns fullōs, þatei aflifnōda.

     And they, there being much hay in that place, made the multitude sit down. Five thousand men, not counting women and children, Sitting down as if at a great dinner. There being nothing else beyond the five loaves and two fish, which taking and saying grace, He blessed, and with so much food satisfying them not only did He give them the needed sufficiency, but much more. After the crowd had eaten, there was found of the loaves 12 baskets full that was left over.

Declension

Ja-stem, strong forms only
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 aljis	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 alja	𐌰𐌻𐌹, 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍄𐌰 ali, aljata
Accusative	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌰 aljana	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 alja	𐌰𐌻𐌹, 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍄𐌰 ali, aljata
Genitive	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 aljis	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 aljaizōs	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌹𐍃 aljis
Dative	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 aljamma	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹 aljai	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 aljamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹 aljai	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃 aljōs	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 alja
Accusative	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 aljans	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃 aljōs	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰 alja
Genitive	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 aljaizē	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 aljaizō	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 aljaizē
Dative	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼 aljaim	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼 aljaim	𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼 aljaim

Derived terms

• 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌸 (aljaþ)
• 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐍃 (aljakuns)

 

Related terms

• 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉 (aljaleikō)
• 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉𐌽 (aljaleikōn)
• 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐍂 (aljar)