Appendix:Old English strong declension
- If the first syllable in a two-syllable strong noun is long, the vowel of the second syllable is dropped when an ending is added. E.g. hēafod, plural hēafdu; engel, plural englas.
- If an ending beginning with a, o, or u is added, æ or ea in a short syllable becomes a. E.g. dæġ, plural dagas; ġeat, plural gatu.
- If a strong noun ends in a sonorant followed by h, the h is dropped and the preceding vowel is lengthened when a suffix is added. E.g., wealh, plural wēalas.
Examples
[edit]Masculine
[edit]Citation form: stān m
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | stān | stān·as |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | stān·es | stān·a |
| dative | stān·e | stān·um |
Short feminine
[edit]Citation form: ġiefu f
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ġief·u | ġief·a or ġief·e |
| accusative | ġief·e | |
| genitive | ġief·a | |
| dative | ġief·um |
Long feminine
[edit]Citation form: sorg f
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | sorg | sorg·a or sorg·e |
| accusative | sorg·e | |
| genitive | sorg·a | |
| dative | sorg·um |
Short neuter
[edit]Citation form: sċip n
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | sċip | sċip·u |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | sċip·es | sċip·a |
| dative | sċip·e | sċip·um |
Long neuter
[edit]Citation form: þing n
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | þing | þing |
| accusative | ||
| genitive | þing·es | þing·a |
| dative | þing·e | þing·um |