Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þiudiskaz
(Redirected from Appendix:Proto-Germanic/þiudiskaz)
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Contents
Proto-Germanic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
*þiudiskaz
Declension[edit]
Declension of *þiudiskaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *þiudiskaz | *þiudiskai | *þiudiskō | *þiudiskôz | *þiudiska | *þiudiskō |
| Accusative | *þiudiskanǭ | *þiudiskanz | *þiudiskǭ | *þiudiskōz | *þiudiska | *þiudiskō |
| Genitive | *þiudiskas, -is | *þiudiskaizǫ̂ | *þiudiskaizōz | *þiudiskaizǫ̂ | *þiudiskas, -is | *þiudiskaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *þiudiskammai | *þiudiskaimaz | *þiudiskaizōi | *þiudiskaimaz | *þiudiskammai | *þiudiskaimaz |
| Instrumental | *þiudiskanō | *þiudiskaimiz | *þiudiskaizō | *þiudiskaimiz | *þiudiskanō | *þiudiskaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *þiudiskô | *þiudiskaniz | *þiudiskǭ | *þiudiskōniz | *þiudiskô | *þiudiskōnō |
| Accusative | *þiudiskanų | *þiudiskanunz | *þiudiskōnų | *þiudiskōnunz | *þiudiskô | *þiudiskōnō |
| Genitive | *þiudiskiniz | *þiudiskanǫ̂ | *þiudiskōniz | *þiudiskōnǫ̂ | *þiudiskiniz | *þiudiskanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *þiudiskini | *þiudiskammaz | *þiudiskōni | *þiudiskōmaz | *þiudiskini | *þiudiskammaz |
| Instrumental | *þiudiskinē | *þiudiskammiz | *þiudiskōnē | *þiudiskōmiz | *þiudiskinē | *þiudiskammiz |
Descendants[edit]
In the late Middle Ages, the word acquired a specialized sense referring to vernacular Germanic languages on the continent, specifically, Dutch, German, and Low German, which were not strongly distinguished from each other at the time, as opposed to the Latin of the scholarly elite and the Church. Because of the Holy Roman Empire's preeminence, the word narrowed in meaning to refer solely to German in most languages, with English Dutch, Low German Düütsch (“Low German”), and archaic Dutch Diets (“Middle Dutch”) being notable exceptions.
- Old English: þēodisc
- Middle English: þedisch (“indigenous”)
- Old Frisian: thiōsk
- West Frisian: Tsjutsk (“German”) (obsolete)
- Old Saxon: thiudisk
- Old Dutch: *thiudisk
- Old High German: diutisk, diutisc
- Old Norse: þýðverskr, þýðiskr, þýzkr
- Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 (þiudiskō, “in a gentile fashion”, adverb)
- → Medieval Latin: theodiscus
