Appendix:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlew-

This entry contains Proto-Indo-European reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ḱlew-

1. to hear

Derived terms

• *ḱléwmṇ
  • Germanic: *hleumô (“hearing”)
    • German: Leumund (“reputation”)
    • Gothic: 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌼𐌰 (hliuma)
  • Sanskrit: श्रोमत (śromata, “good fame”)
• *ḱléwos
• *ḱlewtos (“heard, famous”)
  • Germanic: *hlūþaz (“heard,loud, famous”), *hlūdaz
• *ḱléwtrom
  • Germanic: *hleuþrą (“noise”)
    • Old English: hlēoþor (“sound, melody”)
  • Sanskrit: श्रोत्र (śrotra, “ear”)

Descendants

From *ḱlew-ēs:

• Ancient Greek: -κλη̃ς (-klē̃s, “fame”), used in Greek male given names, such as Περικλῆς (Periklês)

From ḱlu-n-s-:

• Old Armenian: լսեմ (lsem)

From ḱlu-s-r-:

• Old Armenian: լուռ (luṙ)

From *ḱlū-to- (< *ḱlewH-to-):

• West-Germanic: *hlūda- "loud"
  • English: loud
  • Dutch: luid
  • German: laut

From ḱlu-to-:

• Sanskrit: श्रुत (śruta) past participle of शृणोति (śṛṇoti, “he/she hears”)
• Ancient Greek: κλυτός (klutós, “famous”)
• Latin: inclutus
• Old Armenian: լու (lu)

From ḱlow-stā-:

• Old Irish: clúas (“ear”)

From ḱl(o)u-ro-:

• Old Armenian: լուր (lur)

From other formations:

• Avestan: [script?] (sraoman-, “hearing (noun)”) [script?]
• Balto-Slavic:
  • Lithuanian: klausyti (“to listen”)
  • Slavic: *slava (“fame”)
    • Old Church Slavonic: слава (slava, “fame”)
    • Russian: слушать (slušat')
• Celtic:
  • Irish: cluin (“to hear”)
  • Welsh: clywed (“to hear”)
• Germanic: *hlusinōną (“to hear, listen”)
  • English listen
  • Old Norse: hljómr (“sound”) (etymology uncertain)
    • Faroese: ljómur
• Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: κλύω (klúō, “to hear”)
• Italic:
  • Latin: clueo (“to hear say”), cliens (“client”)

References

• “Leumund, laut” in: Friedrich Kluge, “Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache” , 22. Auflage, 1989, bearbeitet von Elmar Seebold, ISBN 3-11-006800-1