श्रुति

See also: शरत् and शर्त

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-

Sanskrit श्रु (śru)

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Sanskrit -ति (-ti)

Sanskrit श्रुति (śruti)bor.

Hindi श्रुति (śruti)

Borrowed from Sanskrit श्रुति (śruti).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃɾʊ.t̪iː/

Noun

श्रुति • (śruti) f

1. hearing, listening

   Synonym: सुनना (sunnā)

2. something heard, hearsay
3. (Hinduism) shruti: sacred knowledge of the Vedas traditionally transmitted orally
4. (music) shruti: the shortest discernable interval of pitch, 22 of which are in an octave

Declension

Declension of श्रुति (fem i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	श्रुति śruti	श्रुतियाँ śrutiyā̃
oblique	श्रुति śruti	श्रुतियों śrutiyõ
vocative	श्रुति śruti	श्रुतियो śrutiyo

Proper noun

श्रुति • (śruti) f

1. a female given name, Sruti or Shruti, from Sanskrit

Declension

Declension of श्रुति (fem i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	श्रुति śruti	श्रुतियाँ śrutiyā̃
oblique	श्रुति śruti	श्रुतियों śrutiyõ
vocative	श्रुति śruti	श्रुतियो śrutiyo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “श्रुति”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শ্ৰুতি (Assamese script)
• ᬰ᭄ᬭᬸᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• শ্রুতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰲𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁆𑀭𑀼𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ၐြုတိ (Burmese script)
• શ્રુતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼੍ਰੁਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍁𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦿꦸꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂳𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಶ್ರುತಿ (Kannada script)
• ឝ្រុតិ (Khmer script)
• ຨ຺ຣຸຕິ (Lao script)
• ശ്രുതി (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡵᡠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘳𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠷᠤᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧔𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐸𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଶ୍ରୁତି (Odia script)
• ꢯ꣄ꢬꢸꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆶𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖲𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ශ්‍රුති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩒𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚰𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• ஶ்ருதி (Tamil script)
• శ్రుతి (Telugu script)
• ศฺรุติ (Thai script)
• ཤྲུ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒳𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨃𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-

Sanskrit श्रु (śru)

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Sanskrit -ति (-ti)

Sanskrit श्रुति (śruti)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćrútiš, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlú-ti-s, from *ḱlew- (“to hear”). Cognate with Old English hlūd (whence English loud), Lithuanian klausa, Proto-Slavic *sluxъ (whence Polish słuch, Russian слух (slux), Old Church Slavonic слоухъ (sluxŭ) (Glagolitic spelling ⱄⰾⱆⱈⱏ (sluxŭ)), Bulgarian слух (sluh)). Equivalent to श्रु (śru) +‎ -ति (-ti).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɾú.ti/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕɾu.t̪i/

Noun

श्रुति • (śrúti) stem, f

1. hearing, listening

   śrutim abhinīya — feigning to hear

   śrutiṃ vaco nugāṃ-√kṛ — to listen to a speech

2. ear, organ or power of hearing
3. the diagonal of a tetragon or hypothenuse of a triangle
4. that which is heard or perceived with the ear, sound, noise
5. an aggregate of sounds (whether forming a word or any part of a word)
6. rumour, report, news, intelligence, hearsay
7. a saying, saw, word
8. that which has been heard or communicated from the beginning, sacred knowledge orally transmitted by the Brahmans from generation to generation, the Veda
9. (music) a particular division of the octave, a quarter tone or interval (twenty-two of these are enumerated, four constituting a major tone, three a minor, and two a semitone; they are said to be personified as nymphs)
10. name, title
11. learning, scholarship

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of श्रुति (śrúti)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्रुतिः śrútiḥ	श्रुती śrútī	श्रुतयः śrútayaḥ
Vocative	श्रुते śrúte	श्रुती śrútī	श्रुतयः śrútayaḥ
Accusative	श्रुतिम् śrútim	श्रुती śrútī	श्रुतीः śrútīḥ
Instrumental	श्रुत्या / श्रुती¹ śrútyā / śrútī¹	श्रुतिभ्याम् śrútibhyām	श्रुतिभिः śrútibhiḥ
Dative	श्रुतये / श्रुत्यै² / श्रुती¹ śrútaye / śrútyai² / śrútī¹	श्रुतिभ्याम् śrútibhyām	श्रुतिभ्यः śrútibhyaḥ
Ablative	श्रुतेः / श्रुत्याः² / श्रुत्यै³ śrúteḥ / śrútyāḥ² / śrútyai³	श्रुतिभ्याम् śrútibhyām	श्रुतिभ्यः śrútibhyaḥ
Genitive	श्रुतेः / श्रुत्याः² / श्रुत्यै³ śrúteḥ / śrútyāḥ² / śrútyai³	श्रुत्योः śrútyoḥ	श्रुतीनाम् śrútīnām
Locative	श्रुतौ / श्रुत्याम्² / श्रुता¹ śrútau / śrútyām² / śrútā¹	श्रुत्योः śrútyoḥ	श्रुतिषु śrútiṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit ³Brāhmaṇas

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

श्रुति • (śrúti) stem, f

1. (compare स्रुति (sruti)) course, path (?)
2. the constellation, श्रवणा (śravaṇā)

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of श्रुति (śrúti)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्रुतिः śrútiḥ	श्रुती śrútī	श्रुतयः śrútayaḥ
Vocative	श्रुते śrúte	श्रुती śrútī	श्रुतयः śrútayaḥ
Accusative	श्रुतिम् śrútim	श्रुती śrútī	श्रुतीः śrútīḥ
Instrumental	श्रुत्या / श्रुती¹ śrútyā / śrútī¹	श्रुतिभ्याम् śrútibhyām	श्रुतिभिः śrútibhiḥ
Dative	श्रुतये / श्रुत्यै² / श्रुती¹ śrútaye / śrútyai² / śrútī¹	श्रुतिभ्याम् śrútibhyām	श्रुतिभ्यः śrútibhyaḥ
Ablative	श्रुतेः / श्रुत्याः² / श्रुत्यै³ śrúteḥ / śrútyāḥ² / śrútyai³	श्रुतिभ्याम् śrútibhyām	श्रुतिभ्यः śrútibhyaḥ
Genitive	श्रुतेः / श्रुत्याः² / श्रुत्यै³ śrúteḥ / śrútyāḥ² / śrútyai³	श्रुत्योः śrútyoḥ	श्रुतीनाम् śrútīnām
Locative	श्रुतौ / श्रुत्याम्² / श्रुता¹ śrútau / śrútyām² / śrútā¹	श्रुत्योः śrútyoḥ	श्रुतिषु śrútiṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit ³Brāhmaṇas

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “श्रुति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1101.