Category:Japanese nidan verbs

Japanese nidan verbs in Classical Japanese, which are verbs that follow the two-grade conjugation, or 二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (nidan katsuyō); also known as bigrade verbs.

These are further divided into 上(かみ)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (kami nidan katsuyō, “upper bigrade conjugation”) verbs, with verb stems that alternate between -u and -i endings, and 下(しも)二(に)段(だん)活(かつ)用(よう) (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs, with verb stems that alternate between -u and -e endings.

This conjugation is archaic in the modern language, and has been superseded by the ichidan conjugation.