Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/Frījā dag

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *Frijjōz + *dagaz "Day of Frigg", a calque of Latin dīes Veneris (“Friday; lit. day of Venus”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸrij.jɔːz ˈdɑ.ɣɑz/

Noun

*Frijjōz dagaz m

1. Friday

See also

• Template:list:days of the week/gem-pro

Descendants

• Old English: frīġedæġ, frigdæg
  • Middle English: Friday, ffryday, Freday, fridai, Fryda, fryday, Vriday, vridei; fridæi, Fridæig, friȝdæi (Early Middle English)
    • English: Friday
      • Tok Pisin: Fraide
      • → Maori: Paraire
    • Scots: Friday
    • Yola: Vreedie, Vridei, vreedei
• Old Frisian: frīadei, frīendei, frēdei, frēdī, frīgendei
  • North Frisian: freidai
  • Saterland Frisian: Fräindai
  • West Frisian: freed
• Old Saxon: *frīadag
  • Middle Low German:
    • German Low German: Freedag, Friedag
    • Plautdietsch: Friedach
  • → Old Norse: [Term?], *fríadagr > frjádagr, frjádagr¹
    • Icelandic: frjádagur
    • Faroese: fríggjadagur
    • Middle Norwegian: fræigjadagr (akin to friggjardagr)
      • Norwegian: fredag; (dialectal) frei(d)dag, frædag
    • Elfdalian: frjådag
    • Old Swedish: frēadagher, frīadagher
      • Swedish: fredag
    • Danish: fredag
      • Norwegian Bokmål: fredag
    • Gutnish: fredagar, fredag, freda
    • → Estonian: reede
    • → Finnish: perjantai
• Old Dutch: [Term?], *frīadag
  • Middle Dutch: vrīdach, vriendach
    • Dutch: vrijdag
      • Afrikaans: Vrydag
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: fridaku
      • Jersey Dutch: Vrāidix
      • Negerhollands: vridag, vriedag
      • → Lokono: fridakha, fredakha
      • → Aukan: feeda
      • → Mohegan-Pequot: beitar
      • → Sranan Tongo: freida
        • → Kari'na: freida
      • → Trió: fredi
• Old High German: frīatag, frījetag
  • Middle High German: vrītac
    • Alemannic German: Fritig
      • Italian Walser: fritog, frittag, vrittàg, vréitag
      • Swabian: Freidig, Fri'tig, Freidich
    • Bavarian: Freida
      • Carinthian: Freitog
      • Cimbrian: vraitag, braitag, vraita, fraitak
      • Mòcheno: vraita
      • Styrian: Freitog
      • Udinese: vraitach, vraiti
    • Central Franconian:
      • Kölsch: Friedach
    • East Franconian:
      • Main-Franconian: Freidich
    • German: Freitag
    • Luxembourgish: Freideg
    • Rhine Franconian:
      • Palatine German: Freidach
      • Pennsylvania German: Freidaag
    • Vilamovian: fretaog
    • Yiddish: פֿרײַטאָג (fraytog)
• Old Norse: frjádagr¹

¹The origin of frjádagr is unclear, but a loan from West Germanic is considered most likely, in which case Old Saxon could be the West Germanic language that gave the Old Norse form, as Old Saxon was in contact with Old Norse in the south of Denmark. A contraction of reconstructed direct descendant *friggjardagr or *freyjudagr (the latter of which would be derived from Norse god Freyja instead of Frigg), suggested by some, is phonetically implausible. The Faroese form fríggjadagur is the result of skerping, the hardening of close vowels into palatal plosives/affricates before another vowel, which is a regular development in Faroese. The vowel -í- ([ʊi]) in fríggjadagur as opposed to -i- ([ɪ]) likewise shows that it cannot derive from *friggjardagur.