Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fneusaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *hneusaną

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Indo-European *pnew-, but presumably interpreted as onomatopoeic judging from the variety in the initial consonants.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɸneu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*fneusaną

1. to sneeze

Inflection

Conjugation of *fneusaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fneusō	*fneusaų	—	*fneusai	?
2nd singular	*fniusizi	*fneusaiz	*fneus	*fneusazai	*fneusaizau
3rd singular	*fniusidi	*fneusai	*fneusadau	*fneusadai	*fneusaidau
1st dual	*fneusōz	*fneusaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*fneusadiz	*fneusaidiz	*fneusadiz	—	—
1st plural	*fneusamaz	*fneusaim	—	*fneusandai	*fneusaindau
2nd plural	*fniusid	*fneusaid	*fniusid	*fneusandai	*fneusaindau
3rd plural	*fneusandi	*fneusain	*fneusandau	*fneusandai	*fneusaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*fnaus	*fnuzį̄
2nd singular	*fnaust	*fnuzīz
3rd singular	*fnaus	*fnuzī
1st dual	*fnuzū	*fnuzīw
2nd dual	*fnuzudiz	*fnuzīdiz
1st plural	*fnuzum	*fnuzīm
2nd plural	*fnuzud	*fnuzīd
3rd plural	*fnuzun	*fnuzīn
	present	past
participles	*fneusandz	*fnuzanaz

Descendants

• Old English: fnēosan
  • Middle English: fnesen, snesen
    • Scots: sneeze, sneesh
    • English: fnese (obsolete); sneeze
• Old Dutch: *fniesan
  • Middle Dutch: fniesen
    • Dutch: fniezen
• Old High German: *fniosan, *fnūsan
  • Middle High German: phnūsen, pfnūsen
• Old Norse: fnjósa; (fnœsa)
  • Icelandic: fnæsa
  • Faroese: fnýsa
  • Norwegian: fnysa (dialectal)
  • Swedish: fnysa
  • Danish: fnyse