Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/greutaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-, *gʰer- (“to rub, grind, remove”). Cognate with Lithuanian grūsti (“to crush, tamp”), Russian гру́да (grúda, “pile, heap”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*greutaną

1. to grind, crush

Inflection

Conjugation of *greutaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*greutō	*greutaų	—	*greutai	?
2nd singular	*griutizi	*greutaiz	*greut	*greutazai	*greutaizau
3rd singular	*griutidi	*greutai	*greutadau	*greutadai	*greutaidau
1st dual	*greutōz	*greutaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*greutadiz	*greutaidiz	*greutadiz	—	—
1st plural	*greutamaz	*greutaim	—	*greutandai	*greutaindau
2nd plural	*griutid	*greutaid	*griutid	*greutandai	*greutaindau
3rd plural	*greutandi	*greutain	*greutandau	*greutandai	*greutaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*graut	*grutį̄
2nd singular	*graust	*grutīz
3rd singular	*graut	*grutī
1st dual	*grutū	*grutīw
2nd dual	*grutudiz	*grutīdiz
1st plural	*grutum	*grutīm
2nd plural	*grutud	*grutīd
3rd plural	*grutun	*grutīn
	present	past
participles	*greutandz	*grutanaz

Derived terms

• *grautaz
• *greutą
• *grutją

Related terms

• *gruttōną

Descendants

• Old High German: *griozan, past participle firgrozzen
  • Middle High German: griezen

References

• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN