Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwehwlą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷékʷlom (“wheel”). The plural *hweulō is from the Proto-Indo-European collective *kʷekʷléh₂ (“wheels”), and the neuter gender was likely back-formed from that.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxʷe.xʷlɑ̃/

Noun

*hwehwlą n

1. wheel

Inflection

The plural *hweulō descends from an Indo-European collective noun and shows the original Verner alternant *gw, which later became *w (represented by *u).

neuter a-stemDeclension of *hwehwlą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*hwehwlą	*hwehwlō
vocative	*hwehwlą	*hwehwlō
accusative	*hwehwlą	*hwehwlō
genitive	*hwehwlas, *hwihwlis	*hwehwlǫ̂
dative	*hwihwlai	*hwehwlamaz
instrumental	*hwehwlō	*hwehwlamiz

Related terms

• *hwelą

Descendants

• Old English: hweogl, hweogol, hweohl, hweowl, hweowol (from singular), hwēol (from plural *hweulō)
  • Middle English: whel, whele, qweel
    • Scots: quhel, quhele, quheil, quheile, wheel
    • English: wheel
• Old Frisian: hwēl (in compounds), fiāl, tziāl
  • North Frisian: weyel, weel
  • Saterland Frisian: Wäil
  • West Frisian: fjil, tsjil, tsjel
• Old Saxon: hwiol
  • Middle Low German: wēl, wiel
    • German Low German: Weel
• Old Dutch: *wiol
  • Middle Dutch: wiel, weel
    • Dutch: wiel
      • Afrikaans: wiel
      • Negerhollands: wiel, wil
      • → Caribbean Javanese: wil
      • → Papiamentu: wil
      • → Sranan Tongo: wiri
    • Limburgish: weel
    • → Old Frisian: wēl
      • West Frisian: wiele
• Old High German: *wihil
  • Middle High German: *wihel
    • (German: Wielstein, Wieltroß, Wielesche)
• Old Norse: hvél (from singular), hjól (from plural *hweulō)
  • Icelandic: hjól, hvel
  • Faroese: hjól, hvæl
  • Norwegian: hjul, kvel
  • Norn: hurl
  • Old Swedish: hiul, hiūl, hiughl
    • Swedish: hjul
  • Danish: hjul
  • Elfdalian: juol
  • , ()