wel
Translingual
[edit]Symbol
[edit]wel
Dutch
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Dutch wel, from Old Dutch *wela, wala, from Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Compare German wohl, English well, Icelandic vel, Swedish väl, Danish and Norwegian vel.
Adverb
[edit]wel
- the opposite of not (used to add positive emphasis to the verb, much like the auxiliaries do or does in affirmative sentences in English)
- Ik dacht dat je niet van golf hield? — Ik hou wél van golf!
- I thought you didn't like golf? — I do like golf!
- Je ziet wel dat...
- You [can] certainly see that...
- Ik ken hem wel, maar niet goed.
- I do know him, but not well.
- Maar wat wil je dan wel?
- Well then, what do you want?
- no less than, as much as, as many as (expressing amazement)
- Zij heeft wel twaalf uur gewerkt vandaag!
- She has worked no less than twelve hours today!
- fairly
- Ik voel me wel aardig, maar niet echt goed.
- I feel fairly decent, but not really good.
- (dated, dialectal) well
- Wat God doet, dat is wel gedaan.
- What God does, that is well done.
- "Dat is wel gedacht," zeide hij.
- "That is well thought through, " he said.
Usage notes
[edit]- In sense 1, the word is often strongly stressed (especially when directly contradicting a negative statement or question) and may therefore be written with an accent, wél, as is common in written Dutch to indicate emphasis.
- Using wel as adverbial form of goed is rare. Usually, the adjective is used in its bare form (as with other adjectives).
- The use of wel in the sense of "fairly", while quite idiomatic, is very unemphatic. When translating to English, it is usually best to leave it out.
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From the adverb wel.
Noun
[edit]wel n (uncountable)
- weal (general state of well-being and prosperity)
Etymology 3
[edit]From Middle Dutch *welle, from Old Dutch *wella, from Proto-Germanic *wallijō.
Noun
[edit]wel f (plural wellen, diminutive welletje n)
Etymology 4
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]wel c (plural wellen, diminutive welletje n)
Etymology 5
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]wel
- inflection of wellen:
Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Dutch *wela, wala, from Proto-Germanic *wela.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]wel (comparative bat or beter, superlative best)
Alternative forms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “wel (III), wale”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “wel (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old English wel, from Proto-Germanic *wela.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]wel (comparative bettre, bet, superlative best)
- Well, amazingly, expertly; in a good or excellent way:
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- Ful wel she sange the service devine, / Entuned in hire nose ful swetely.
- Fittingly, suitably; in a fitting way.
- Correctly, accurately; in an accurate way.
- Stoutly, boldly, bravely; with courageousness.
- In an easily discernible or understood manner.
- (rare) In a way suggesting acute discernment or reasoning.
- With no challenge, struggle, or hardship.
- In a large quantity or amount; copiously or plenteously.
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- With care, attention, or fastidiousness:
- Mindfully; with care taken to others' wishes or beliefs.
- Painstakingly; with care taken to include or incorporate details.
- Cautiously; with care taken to avoid mistakes.
- In a way that is appealing or pleasing to someone or some standard:
- Traditionally; in the prescribed or proper way.
- Virtuously, morally, religiously; according to morals.
- Healthily; in a way displaying good health and condition.
- Beautifully; in a way pleasing to senses or sensibilities.
- Kindly, approvingly; in a way causing respect.
- To or with a great extent or depth: extensively, comprehensively:
- Luckily, fortuitously; with good luck or fortune.
- In a rigid or secure way; stably or fixedly.
- For a suitable or fitting reason or cause; appropriately.
- As much as; to the specified extent, not smaller than.
- Around, about (a given quantity or measure)
- (semi-interjectional) Probably, maybe, potentially.
- (rare) Truthfully, honestly; in a heartfelt way.
Descendants
[edit]- English: well
- Geordie English: weel
- Scots: weel, wele, weil, weill
- Yola: waal, wull, well, wel, vella (before consonant)
References
[edit]- “wel, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-17.
Adjective
[edit]wel (comparative bet) (almost always predicative)
- Lucky; experiencing good luck or fortune.
- Good, worthy, commendable; of good quality or moral status.
- Wealthy, prosperous, accomplished; experiencing success.
- Pleased, happy, glad; experiencing happiness.
- Healthy; experiencing good health and/or in good condition.
- Fine, acceptable, suitable, useable; having no problems.
- (rare) Having good grooming or personal hygiene.
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “wel, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-17.
Interjection
[edit]wel
- Used to preface or begin a statement or situation.
- Used to acknowledge or reply to a statement or situation.
- Used to indicate victory, realisation, or overcoming.
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “wel, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-17.
North Frisian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Frisian wella, willa, from Proto-Germanic *wiljaną.
Verb
[edit]wel
- (Föhr-Amrum, Sylt) to want
- (Föhr-Amrum, Sylt) shall, will (future tense auxiliary verb)
Usage notes
[edit]- The verbs wel and skel have the same conjugation. On Föhr and Amrum, these are among the five highly irregular verbs along with kem, wed, wees. The Sylt conjugation is also irregular, but less markedly so.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive I | wel | |
---|---|---|
infinitive II | (tu) welen | |
past participle | wulen | |
imperative singular | — | |
imperative plural | — | |
present | past | |
1st singular | wal | wul |
2nd singular | wääl | wulst |
3rd singular | wal | wul |
plural | wel | wul |
perfect | pluperfect | |
1st singular | haa wulen | hed wulen |
2nd singular | heest wulen | hedst wulen |
3rd singular | hee wulen | hed wulen |
plural | haa wulen | hed wulen |
future (skel) | future (wel) | |
1st singular | skal wel | wal wel |
2nd singular | skääl wel | wääl wel |
3rd singular | skal wel | wal wel |
plural | skel wel | wel wel |
infinitive I | wel | |
---|---|---|
infinitive II | (tö) welen | |
past participle | wul | |
imperative | — | |
present | past | |
1st singular | wel | wul |
2nd singular | wet | wut |
3rd singular | wel | wul |
plural / dual | wel | wul |
perfect | pluperfect | |
1st singular | haa wul | her wul |
2nd singular | heest wul | herst wul |
3rd singular | heer wul | her wul |
plural / dual | haa wul | her wul |
future (skel) | future (wel) | |
1st singular | skel wel | wel wel |
2nd singular | sket wel | wet wel |
3rd singular | skel wel | wel wel |
plural / dual | skel wel | wel wel |
Old English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Akin to Old Frisian wela, Old Saxon wela, Old High German wola, Old Norse vel, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 (waila).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]wel (comparative bet, superlative betest)
Descendants
[edit]Squamish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Halkomelem wô:l (“cattail”).
Noun
[edit]wel
Tok Pisin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]wel
Adjective
[edit]wel
Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]wel
Yola
[edit]Adverb
[edit]wel
- Alternative form of waal (“well”)
- 1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:
- A laafe ing lemethès chote wel ta ba zang,
- A leaf in tatters, I know well to be sung,
References
[edit]- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 100
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