wal

See also: Appendix:Variations of "wal"

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Wolaytta with l and a interchanged.

Symbol

wal

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Wolaytta.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Wolaytta terms

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋɑl/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: wal
• Rhymes: -ɑl

Etymology 1

From Latin vallum (“wall”), from vallus (“stake, palisade, point”). Cognate with English wall.

Noun

wal m (plural wallen, diminutive walletje n)

1. coast, shore (side of land near to the water)
2. earthen levee as protection against flooding

   Synonym: dijk

3. wall around city as military defense

   Synonyms: omwalling, stadsmuur

4. periorbital dark circle
5. (chiefly in the plural) eyebag

   Synonym: oogwal

Derived terms

• bewallen
• de beste stuurlui staan aan wal
• kant noch wal raken
• stadswal
• van wal steken
• walling

Descendants

• Afrikaans: wal
• Negerhollands: wal

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch wal (“whale”), from Old Dutch *wal, from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz (“whale”). Cognate with English whale.

Possibly to avoid confusion with wal (“wall; shore”), the derived compound word walvis (“whale; lit. whale-fish”) gained currency over wal (“whale”). Similar clarifying compounds can be found elsewhere in Dutch: kraanvogel (“crane; lit. crane-bird”), muildier (“mule; lit. mule-animal”), oeros (“auroch; auroch-ox”), rendier (“rein; lit. rein-animal”), tortelduif (“turtle (bird); lit. turtle dove”) and windhond (“greyhound; lit. wind-dog”).

Noun

wal m (plural wallen, diminutive walletje n)

1. (archaic) whale

   Synonyms: walvis, waldier

Derived terms

• grindewal
• waldier
• walrus
• walschot
• walvis

Eskayan

Numeral

wal

1. eight

Gamilaraay

wal

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /val/

Noun

wal

1. container
2. rubbish bin

References

• (2017) Giacon J Gamilaraay-Yuwaalaraay Dictionary Supplement

Garo

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

wal

1. night

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wàl/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [wàl]

Ideophone

wàl

1. sudden flash of light

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English weall, from Proto-West Germanic *wall (“wall, rampart, entrenchment”), from Latin vallum (“wall, rampart, entrenchment, palisade”).

Alternative forms

• wale, walle, waule

Noun

wal (plural walles)

1. wall

Descendants

• English: wall
• Geordie: wa
• Scots: wa, waa, waw
• Yola: wul, vall
• → Middle Irish: *balla
  • Irish: balla
  • Manx: boalley
  • Scottish Gaelic: balla

References

• “wal, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English wæl.

Alternative forms

• wæl, wæle, wale, wel

Noun

wal (plural wals)

1. death, slaughter

References

• “wal, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Noun

wal

1. alternative form of wale (“selection, preference”)

Adjective

wal

1. alternative form of wale (“great”)

Etymology 4

Adverb

wal

1. (rare) alternative form of wel

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German wal, from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈwal/

Noun

wal m

1. a whale

Declension

Declension of wal (strong masculine without umlaut)

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	dër	wal	die	wal, wale
genitive	eines	dës	wals, wales	dër	wal, wale
dative	eime	dëm	wal, wale	dën	waln, walen
accusative	einen	dën	wal	die	wal, wale

Descendants

• German: Wal
  • → Estonian: vaal
  • → Luxembourgish: Wal

North Frisian

Verb

wal

1. first/third-person singular present of wel

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”). Cognate with Old English hwæl, Old Norse hvalr, Old Saxon hwal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wal/

Noun

wal m

1. whale

Declension

Declension of wal (masculine a-stem)

case	singular	plural
nominative	wal	walā, wala
accusative	wal	walā, wala
genitive	wales	walo
dative	wale	walum
instrumental	walu	—

Descendants

• Middle High German: wal
  • German: Wal
    • → Estonian: vaal
    • → Luxembourgish: Wal

Polish

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈval/

• (Lesser Poland):
  • (Przemyśl) IPA^(key): [ˈvalʲ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: wal

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Wal, from Old High German wal, from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”).

Noun

wal m animal

1. whale (certain species)

Declension

Declension of wal

	singular	plural
nominative	wal	wale
genitive	wala	walów/wali
dative	walowi	walom
accusative	wala	wale
instrumental	walem	walami
locative	walu	walach
vocative	walu	wale

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

wal m inan

1. straw rope dipped in clay

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

wal

1. second-person singular imperative of walić

Further reading

• wal in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• wal in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Aleksander Saloni (1908), “wal”, in “Lud rzeszowski”, in Materyały Antropologiczno-Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne‎^[1] (in Polish), volume 10, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 342

Welsh

wal

Alternative forms

• (literary) gwal

Etymology

From Middle Welsh gwal, wal from Old English weall, from Proto-West Germanic *wall, from Latin vallum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wal/

Noun

wal f (plural waliau or welydd, not mutable)

1. wall
2. (literary) soft mutation of gwal

Usage notes

Wal is the most commonly used word for "wall" in Welsh. The word mur is used most often when referring to large walls such as the defensive walls of a city or Mur Mawr Tsieina "The Great Wall of China". It is also used in compound words, for example murlun, rhagfur, cellfur, briwydd y mur. Pared is an internal partition wall whereas magwyr is a literary word for an external wall, little used now but preserved in such things as place and plant names.

Derived terms

• paladr y wal (“pellitory of the wall, spreading pellitory”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of gwal

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
gwal	wal	ngwal	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “wal”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies