Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₁-

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wel-, Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welH-, and Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/welh₃-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*welh₁- (imperfective)^[1]^[2]^[3]

to choose
to want

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welh₁- (32 c, 0 e)

*wélh₁-t ~ *wl̥h₁-ént (athematic root aorist)^[3]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    - Vedic Sanskrit: अव्रि (avri, 1sg.aor.mid.) (to be read as avuri)
  - Proto-Iranian:
    - Old Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬁 (var^ətā)
*wḗlh₁-ti ~ *wélh₁-n̥ti (Narten present)^[3] or *wélh₁-ti ~ *wl̥h₁-énti (athematic root present)^[2]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Old Lithuanian: vélti (1sg.: vélmi)
- Proto-Germanic: *wiljaną (from optative) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *welō (see there for further descendants)
*wélh₁-ye-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:^[4]
  - Lithuanian: vi̇̀ltis (“to hope”)
  - Latvian: vil̂t (“to mislead”)
  - Old Prussian: prawilts (“betrayed”)
*wl̥h₁-yé-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: λῶ (lô, “to wish”)
*wl̥-n-h₁-tóy (middle voice nasal infix present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥nHtáy
    - Sanskrit: वृणीते (vṛṇīté, “to choose”)
  - Proto-Iranian: *wr̥nHtáy
    - Old Avestan: 𐬬𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (vərəṇtē, “to choose”)
*wolh₁-éye-ti (causative)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *walīˀtei
  - Proto-Slavic: *voliti
- Proto-Germanic: *waljaną (see there for further descendants)
*wolh₁-o-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáras
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáras
    - Sanskrit: वर (vára, “wish, desire”)
- Proto-Germanic: *walō (< *wolh₁-eh₂)
  - Old High German: wala

Unsorted formations

Proto-Albanian: *walā
- Albanian: vallë (“maybe, wishfully”)
Old Armenian: գեղձ (gełj)
Proto-Slavic: *velěti (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *wellos (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *wlidā (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *wela (see there for further descendants)

References

^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “volō, velle”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 687
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*weljan- 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 578
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 677-678
^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007), “viltis”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language]‎^[2] (in Polish), Vilnius: Vilnius University

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Derived terms

References

Further reading