Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/leudaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰ-e-ti, from *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow; people”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈleu̯.ðɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*leudaną

1. To sprout; spring up; grow

Inflection

Conjugation of *leudaną (strong class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*leudō	*leudaų	—	*leudai	?
2nd singular	*liudizi	*leudaiz	*leud	*leudazai	*leudaizau
3rd singular	*liudidi	*leudai	*leudadau	*leudadai	*leudaidau
1st dual	*leudōz	*leudaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*leudadiz	*leudaidiz	*leudadiz	—	—
1st plural	*leudamaz	*leudaim	—	*leudandai	*leudaindau
2nd plural	*liudid	*leudaid	*liudid	*leudandai	*leudaindau
3rd plural	*leudandi	*leudain	*leudandau	*leudandai	*leudaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*laud	*ludį̄
2nd singular	*laust	*ludīz
3rd singular	*laud	*ludī
1st dual	*ludū	*ludīw
2nd dual	*lududiz	*ludīdiz
1st plural	*ludum	*ludīm
2nd plural	*ludud	*ludīd
3rd plural	*ludun	*ludīn
	present	past
participles	*leudandz	*ludanaz

Related terms

• *laudaz
• *leudaz
• *leudō
• *liudiz
• *ludjaną

Descendants

• Old English: lēodan; ġelēodan
  • Middle English: leoden, ȝeleoden
• Old Saxon: liodan
• Old High German: liotan, leotan, liutan (in combinations: arliotan, framliotan, etc.)
• Old Norse: loðinn (past participle)
  • Icelandic: loðinn
  • Faroese: loðin
  • Swedish: luden
• Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽 (liudan)