Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьcati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From early *sьkati by the Slavic progressive palatalization. By surface analysis, *sьk- +‎ *-ati. Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sikā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *sikʷ-éh₂-ti, from *seykʷ-.

Roots *sьk- : *sěk- : *sik-, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sik- : *saik- : *seik-, from Proto-Indo-European *sikʷ- : *soykʷ- : *seykʷ- (“to moisten”).

Cognate with Sanskrit सिञ्चति (siñcáti, “to pour out”), Avestan 𐬵𐬌𐬧𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hiṇcaⁱti), 𐬵𐬌𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hicaⁱti, “to pour”), Old High German sīhan (“to strain, to drip”), German seichen (“to piss”), Ancient Greek ἷξαι (hîxai, “to strain, to filter”), Latin siat, sissiat (“(he) urinates”).

Verb

*sьcati impf

1. to piss, urinate

Inflection

Conjugation of *sьcati, *sьca, *sьčitь (impf., -a/i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sьcanьje	*sьcati	*sьcatъ	*sьcalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sьcanъ	*sьčimъ
Active	*sьcavъ	*sьčę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьcaxъ	*sьca	*sьca	*sьčǫ	*sьčiši	*sьčitь
Dual	*sьcaxově	*sьcasta	*sьcaste	*sьčivě	*sьčita	*sьčite
Plural	*sьcaxomъ	*sьcaste	*sьcašę	*sьčimъ	*sьčite	*sьčętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sьcaaxъ	*sьcaaše	*sьcaaše	—	*sьči	*sьči
Dual	*sьcaaxově	*sьcaašeta	*sьcaašete	*sьčivě	*sьčita	—
Plural	*sьcaaxomъ	*sьcaašete	*sьcaaxǫ	*sьčimъ	*sьčite	—

Related terms

Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *seykʷ- (0 c, 10 e)

• *sikati
• *sikъ

Derived terms

• *o(b)sьcati
  • *o(b)sьca f
  • *o(b)sьčaulъ m
• *sьcaka f
• *sьčava f
• *sьčь m
  • *sьčina f
• *sьkyľь m

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: *сьцати (*sĭcati)
    • Old Ruthenian: *сцати (*scati)
      • Belarusian: сцаць (scacʹ), сцяць (scjacʹ), шчаць (ščacʹ), сца́цца (scácca)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: стя́ти (stjáty)
      • Ukrainian: сця́ти (scjáty); ща́ти (ščáty) (dialectal)
    • Russian: сцать (scatʹ), ссать (ssatʹ) — more common
  • Old Novgorodian: *ськати (*sĭkati)
    • ⇒ Russian: сёкать (sjókatʹ) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: сьцати (sĭcati)

    Glagolitic script: ⱄⱐⱌⰰⱅⰻ (sĭcati)

  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сцати (dialectal)

    Latin script: scati (dialectal)

  • Slovene: scáti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: scáti
    • Czech: chcát, scát
  • Polish: szczać
  • Slovak: šťať
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: šcaś, scaś
    • Upper Sorbian: šćeć, sćeć

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1972) “сцать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 815
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “сцяти”, in Етимологічний словник української мови (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 492
• Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2010), “сцаць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы (in Belarusian), volumes 13 (су- – трапка́ч), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 89