Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/lima

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lima/

Numeral

Proto-Austronesian cardinal numbers

<  4	5	6  >
Cardinal : *lima

*lima

1. five

   Synonym: *ɣatep

Noun

*lima

1. hand (part of the body)

Derived terms

• *i-lima (“five”)
• *lima ŋa puluq (“fifty”)
• *iŋ-lima (“five times”)
• *ka-lima (“five times”)
• *kuma-lima (“five in order”)
• *maŋ-lima (“divide into groups of five”)
• *maR-lima (“divide into groups of five”)
• *pa-lima (“divide into five (?)”)
• *paka-lima₁ (“five times”)
• *paka-lima₂ (“five times”)
• *ika-lima (“fifth (ordinal numeral)”)
• *la-lima (“five (in counting people)”)
• *maka-lima (“five times”)
• *Sika-lima (“fifth (ordinal numeral)”)

Descendants

• Proto-Atayalic: *lima
  • Taroko: lima
• Proto-Rukai: *ɭima
  • Rukai:
    • Taromak Drekay: lima
    • Ngudradrekay: lrima
    • Oponoho: lrima
    • Teldreka: rima
    • Thakongadavane: yima
• Proto-Tsouic: *líma
  • Tsou: eimo
  • Saaroa: ulima
  • Kanakanabu: urima
• Western Plains:
  • Papora: lima
  • Hoanya: lima
  • Thao: rima
• Paiwan: lima
• Proto-Puyuma: *ɭima
  • Puyuma: lima
• Proto-Bunun: *hima
  • Bunun: hima
    • Isbukun: ima
• East Formosan:
  • Amis: lima
  • Sakizaya: lima
  • Kavalan: lima
  • Makatao: lima
  • Siraya: rima
  • Taivoan: hima
  • Basay: cima
• Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *lima
  • Barito:
    • East Barito:
      • Malagasy: dimy
    • Sama-Bajaw:
      • Mapun: lima
      • Pangutaran Sama: lima
      • West Coast Bajau: limo
  • North Bornean:
    • Proto-North Sarawak:
      • Central Melanau: lima
  • Proto-Philippine: *lima
    • Aklanon: li-má
    • Alangan: lima
    • Asi: lima
    • Bikol Central: lima
    • Brooke's Point Palawano: lima
    • Casiguran Dumagat Agta: lima
    • Cebuano: lima
    • Central Bontoc: lima
    • Cuyunon: lima
    • Dupaningan Agta: lima
    • Hiligaynon: lima
    • Ibanag: lima
    • Ilocano: ima, lima
    • Inonhan: lima
    • Isinai: lima
    • Isnag: lima
    • Itawit: lima
    • Ivatan: lima
    • Proto-Kalamian:
      • Agutaynen: lima
    • Kankanaey: lima
    • Limos Kalinga: lima
    • Lubuagan Kalinga: lima
    • Maguindanao: lima
    • Manobo:
      • Dibabawon Manobo: lima
      • Kagayanen: lima
    • Mayoyao Ifugao: lima
    • Northern Catanduanes Bicolano: lima
    • Ratahan: lima
    • Tagakaulu Kalagan: lima
    • Tagalog: lima
    • Waray-Waray: lima
    • Yami: lima
    • Yogad: lima
  • Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *lima
    • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: *lima
      • Proto-Oceanic: *lima
        • Central-Eastern Oceanic:
          • Fijian: lima
          • Micronesian:
            • Woleaian: lima
          • North-Central Vanuatu:
            • Raga: lima
          • Proto-Polynesian: *lima
            • Proto-Nuclear Polynesian: *lima
              • Proto-Eastern Polynesian: *rima
                • Marquesic
                  • Hawaiian: lima
                  • South Marquesan: ʻima
                • Tahitic
                  • Maori: rima
                  • Tahitian: rima
                • Rapa Nui: rima
              • Samoic-Outlier
                • Ellicean
                  • Kapingamarangi: lima
                  • Nukuoro: lima
                  • Sikaiana: lima
                  • Tuvaluan: lima
                • Futunic
                  • East Futuna: lima
                • Samoic
                  • Niuatoputapu: lima
                  • Samoan: lima
                  • Tokelauan: lima
            • Tongic: *lima
              • Niuean: lima
              • Tongan: nima
          • Rotuman: lima
          • Southeast Solomonic:
            • Bughotu: lima
            • Gela: lima
            • Lau: lima
            • To'abaita: lima
        • Western Oceanic:
          • Alu: lima
          • Bariai: lima
          • Lusi: lima
          • Manam: lima
          • Muduapa: lima
          • Mussau-Emira: lima
          • Nakanai: lima
          • Roviana: lima
          • Tolai: lima
    • Timor-Babar:
      • Tetum: lima
  • Sumba-Flores:
    • Laboya: lima
  • Chamorro: lima
  • Javanese: lima
  • Kaili-Pamona:
    • Uma: lima
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan: *lima
    • Madurese: lema
    • Proto-Malayo-Chamic: *lima
      • Balinese: lima
      • Proto-Chamic:
        • Eastern Cham: limœû
        • Jarai: rơma
        • Rade: êma
      • Proto-Malayic: *lima(ʔ)
        • Banjarese: lima
        • Iban: lima
        • Malayan
          • Malay: lima
            • Indonesian: lima
          • Minangkabau: limo
        • Urak Lawoi': ลีมา (lima)
  • Muna-Buton
    • Cia-Cia: lima / 을리마