Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/delgos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelg- (“sting”), whence also Proto-Germanic *dalkaz, Latin falx.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Noun

*delgos n^[3]

pin, needle

Reconstruction notes

Matasović overlooks the rather important fact that Old Irish delg is a neuter s-stem.

Declension

Neuter s-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*delgos	*delgese?	*delgesa
vocative	*delgos	*delgese?	*delgesa
accusative	*delgos	*delgese?	*delgesa
genitive	*delgesos	*delgesous?	*delgesom
dative	*delgesei	*delgesbom	*delgesbos
locative	*delgesi	*?	*?
instrumental	*delgesei	*delgesbim	*delgesbis

Descendants

Old Irish: delg n (“thorn; pin”)
- Middle Irish: delg m (o-stem)
  - Irish: dealg f (“thorn”)
  - Scottish Gaelic: dealg f (“thorn”)
  - Manx: jialg f (“acanthus”)
Proto-Brythonic:
- Middle Welsh: dala m (“sting”)
- Old Cornish: delc(h) (“jewel”)
Proto-Brythonic: *dlekt-?
- Middle Welsh: dyleith m (“lock”)^[4]^[5]
- Breton: dleizen f (“bolt (of a lock)”)^[6]
Gaulish:
- →? Vulgar Latin: *daculum (“sickle”) (see there for further descendants)
→? Latin: Delgo-uicia (place name)^[4]

References

^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*dhelg- ‘sting, pierce’”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 424
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*delgo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 94
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia (1999), Nominale Wortbildung des älteren Irischen: Stammbildung und Derivation [Noun Formation in Old Irish: Stem-formation and derivation] (Buchreihe der Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie) (in German), volume 15, Tübingen: Niemeyer, →ISBN, page 141
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “*delgo-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 139
^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dylaith”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^ Deshayes, Albert (2003), Dictionnaire étymologique du breton (in French), Douarnenez: Le Chasse-Marée, →ISBN

[1] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*dhelg- ‘sting, pierce’”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 424

[2] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*delgo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 94

[NWAI-3] 3.0 ^3.1 de Bernardo Stempel, Patrizia (1999), Nominale Wortbildung des älteren Irischen: Stammbildung und Derivation [Noun Formation in Old Irish: Stem-formation and derivation] (Buchreihe der Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie) (in German), volume 15, Tübingen: Niemeyer, →ISBN, page 141

[DLG-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “*delgo-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 139

[5] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dylaith”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[6] Deshayes, Albert (2003), Dictionnaire étymologique du breton (in French), Douarnenez: Le Chasse-Marée, →ISBN

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