Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/wegyeti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wég-ye-ti (“to spin, weave”).^[1]^[2] Cognate with Sanskrit वागरा (vāgarā, “snare”), Latin vēlum (“cloth, sail”), English wick.^[3]

Verb

*wegyeti^[2]

to weave, compose

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*wegyū	*wegyemam	*wiuxsū	*wāga
2nd singular	*wegyesi	*wegyetās	*wiuxsesi	*wāgas?
3rd singular	*wegyeti	*wegyeto	*wiuxseti	*wāge
1st plural	*wegyomosi	*wegyemo	*wiuxsomosi	*wāgmo
2nd plural	*wegyetesi	*wegyestē	*wiuxsetesi	*wāxte
3rd plural	*wegyonti	*wegyento	*wiuxsonti	*wāgars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*wexsū	?	—
2nd singular	*wexsesi	?	*wegye
3rd singular	*wexseti	?	*wegyetou
1st plural	*wexsomosi	?	*wegyomos
2nd plural	*wexsetesi	?	*wegyete
3rd plural	*wexsonti	?	*wegyontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*wegyūr	—	*wiuxsūr	*wāgra
2nd singular	*wegyetar	—	*wiuxsetar	*wāgras?
3rd singular	*wegyetor	?	*wiuxsetor	*wāgre
1st plural	*wegyommor	—	*wiuxsommor	?
2nd plural	*wegyedwe	—	*wiuxsedwe	?
3rd plural	*wegyontor	?	*wiuxsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*wexsūr	—	—
2nd singular	*wexsetar	—	—
3rd singular	*wexsetor	—	—
1st plural	*wexsommor	—	—
2nd plural	*wexsedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*wexsontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wegyonts	*wegyonte	*wegyontes
vocative	*wegyonts	*wegyonte	*wegyontes
accusative	*wegyontam	*wegyonte	*wegyontans
genitive	*wegyantos	*?	*wegyantom
dative	*wegyantei	*wegyantbom	*wegyantbos
instrumental	*wegyantī?	*wegyantbim	*wegyantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wegyantī	*wegyantī	*wegyantiyās
vocative	*wegyantī	*wegyantī	*wegyantiyās
accusative	*wegyantīm	*wegyantī	*wegyantiyans
genitive	*wegyantyās	*?	*wegyantyom
dative	*wegyantyāi	*wegyantyābom	*wegyantyābos
instrumental	*?	*wegyantyābim	*wegyantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wegyont	*?	*wegyonta
vocative	*wegyont	*?	*wegyonta
accusative	*wegyont	*?	*wegyonta
genitive	*wegyantos	*?	*wegyantom
dative	*wegyantei	*?	*wegyantbos
instrumental	*wegyantī?	*?	*wegyantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wegyomnos	*wegyomnou	*wegyomnoi
vocative	*wegyomne	*wegyomnou	*wegyomnoi
accusative	*wegyomnom	*wegyomnou	*wegyomnons
genitive	*wegyomnī	*wegyomnous	*wegyomnom
dative	*wegyomnūi	*wegyomnobom	*wegyomnobos
instrumental	*wegyomnū	*wegyomnobim	*wegyomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wegyomnā	*wegyomnai	*wegyomnās
vocative	*wegyomnā	*wegyomnai	*wegyomnās
accusative	*wegyomnam	*wegyomnai	*wegyomnans
genitive	*wegyomnās	*wegyomnous	*wegyomnom
dative	*wegyomnai	*wegyomnābom	*wegyomnābos
instrumental	*?	*wegyomnābim	*wegyomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wegyomnom	*wegyomnou	*wegyomnā
vocative	*wegyomnom	*wegyomnou	*wegyomnā
accusative	*wegyomnom	*wegyomnou	*wegyomnā
genitive	*wegyomnī	*wegyomnous	*wegyomnom
dative	*wegyomnūi	*wegyomnobom	*wegyomnobos
instrumental	*wegyomnū	*wegyomnobim	*wegyomnobis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wextos	*wextou	*wextoi
vocative	*wexte	*wextou	*wextoi
accusative	*wextom	*wextou	*wextons
genitive	*wextī	*wextous	*wextom
dative	*wextūi	*wextobom	*wextobos
instrumental	*wextū	*wextobim	*wextobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wextā	*wextai	*wextās
vocative	*wextā	*wextai	*wextās
accusative	*wextam	*wextai	*wextans
genitive	*wextās	*wextous	*wextom
dative	*wextai	*wextābom	*wextābos
instrumental	*?	*wextābim	*wextābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*wextom	*wextou	*wextā
vocative	*wextom	*wextou	*wextā
accusative	*wextom	*wextou	*wextā
genitive	*wextī	*wextous	*wextom
dative	*wextūi	*wextobom	*wextobos
instrumental	*wextū	*wextobim	*wextobis

Derived terms

^?Proto-Brythonic: *gwor-wāɣe (“did”, 3sg. preterite of *gwrėɣɨd)^[1]
- Middle Breton: gueure
  - ⇒ Breton: greas
- Middle Welsh: goreu

Descendants

Brythonic:
- Middle Breton: gweaff
  - Breton: gweañ
- Cornish: gwia
- Middle Welsh: gwëu
  - Welsh: gweu
Goidelic:
- Old Irish: figid
  - Irish: figh
  - Manx: fee
  - Scottish Gaelic: figh

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004), “Urkelt. *weg-i̯e/o-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Meid, →ISBN, pages 660-63
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*weg-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 409
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*u̯eg-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 662

[KPV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004), “Urkelt. *weg-i̯e/o-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Meid, →ISBN, pages 660-63

[EDPC-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*weg-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 409

[3] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*u̯eg-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 662

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