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wick

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Wick and -wick

English

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WOTD – 24 October 2025

Pronunciation

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The unlit cotton wick (etymology 1, noun sense 1) of a candle.
Oil lamps with lit wicks (etymology 1, noun sense 1) during the festival of Diwali.

Etymology 1

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    The noun is derived from Middle English wek, weke, wicke (“fibrous cord drawing fuel to flame of a candle, etc.; material used to make this object”),[1] from Old English wēoce (“wick”),[2] from Proto-West Germanic *weukā (“flax bundle; wick”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *weg- (“to weave”).[3][4][5]

    It has been suggested that noun sense 2 (“penis”) is derived from Hampton Wick, used as rhyming slang for prick.[3] If so, that sense should be placed under etymology 2.

    The verb is derived from the noun.[6]

    cognates

    Noun

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    wick (countable and uncountable, plural wicks)

    2. (countable) A braid or bundle of fibre or other porous material (now generally twisted or woven cotton) in a candle, kerosene heater, oil lamp, etc., that draws up a liquid fuel (such as melted tallow or wax, or oil) at one end, to be ignited at the other end to produce a flame.
      Hyponyms: candlewick, lampwick
      Trim the wick fairly short, so that the flame does not smoke.
      • 1555, Peter Martyr of Angleria [i.e., Peter Martyr d’Anghiera], “Of Venemous Apples wherwith They Poyson Theyr Arrowes”, in Rycharde Eden [i.e., Richard Eden], transl., The Decades of the Newe Worlde or West India, […], London: […] [Rycharde Jug for] Guilhelmi Powell, →OCLC, decade, folio 200, recto:
        Theſe cordes, they caule Cabuia and Henequen, which are al one thing ſauyng that Henequen is leſſe and of a fyner ſubſtaunce as it were line: And the other is groſſer lyke the wycke or twyſte of hempe, and is imperfecte in compariſon to the other.
      • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book II, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 30, page 333:
        But true it is that vvhen the oyle is ſpent, / The light goes out, and vveeke is throvvne away; […]
      • 1627 (indicated as 1626), Francis [Bacon], “IV. Century. [Experiments in Consort, Touching the Continuance of Flame.]”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], London: […] William Rawley […]; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC, paragraph 369, page 99:
        But novv vvee vvill ſpeake of the Continuance of Flames, ſuch as are vſed for Candles, Lamps, or Tapers; conſiſting of Inflammable Matters, and of a VVieke that prouoketh Inflammation. […] Triall vvas likevviſe made of ſeuerall Wickes; as of Ordinary Cotton; Sovving Thred; Ruſh; Silke; Stravv; and VVood.
      • a. 1692 (date written), Robert Boyle, “Title XL. Of the Air in Reference to the Generation, Life and Health of Animals.”, in The General History of the Air, […], London: […] Awnsham and John Churchill, […], published 1692, →OCLC, page 247:
        [W]e may take notice of the Smoak that iſſues out of the VVeik of a Candle nevvly blovvn out; for vvhilſt the ſooty Corpuſcles retain their Bigneſe and Texture, they are able to offend the Noſtrils very much by their Stink; […]
      • 1785, William Cowper, “Book III. The Garden.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson;  […], →OCLC, page 99:
        And thus they spend / The little vvick of life's poor ſhallovv lamp, / In playing tricks vvith nature, giving lavvs / To diſtant vvorlds and trifling their ovvn.
      • 1839 May – 1840 February, Ikey Solomons, Jun. [pseudonym; William Makepeace Thackeray], “Catherine: A Story. Chapter. In which a Narcotic is Administered, and a Great Deal of Genteel Society Depicted.”, in Catherine: A Story. Little Travels. The Fitz-Boodle Papers. etc. etc. (Works of William Makepeace Thackeray in Twenty-four Volumes; 22), London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1869, →OCLC, page 43:
        The dice went rattling on; the candles were burning dim, with great long wicks.
      • 1843 January 14 (date sealed), Nathaniel Card, “Specification of the Patent Granted to Nathaniel Card, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Candle-wick Manufacturer, for Certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Candle-wick, and in Machinery or Apparatus for Producing such Manufacture”, in The Repertory of Patent Inventions, and Other Discoveries and Improvements in Arts, Manufactures, and Agriculture; […], volume II (Enlarged Series), number V, London: Published for the proprietor, by Alex[ander] Macintosh, […]; and sold by Simpkin, Marshall, and Co., […]; J[ohn] Weale, […]; and G. Hebert, […], published November 1843, →OCLC, pages 292–293:
        My improvements in the manufacture of candle-wick apply particularly to the common or well-known plaited or platted wick, used in candles, for supporting combustion, and consist, / Firstly, in the introduction of one, two, or more straight distended warps, to form the base of a platted or woven candle-wick, such wick being made from three or more strands of cotton; […]
      1. (uncountable) Synonym of wicking (“the material of which wicks (sense 1) are made”).
        Hyponym: lampwick
      2. (countable, by extension) Any piece of porous material that conveys liquid by capillary action; specifically (medicine), a strip of gauze placed in a wound, etc., to absorb fluids.
    4. (countable, euphemistic, slang) Often in dip one's wick: the penis.
      • [1969], Marcus van Heller [pseudonym; John Stevenson], Nest of Vixens, [New York, N.Y.]: Ophelia Press, →OCLC:
        His wick was stone stiff.
      • 1971, Brian W[ilson] Aldiss, “Book 2: The Old Five-fingered Widow”, in A Soldier Erect, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, →OCLC, page 111:
        Thrusting his head out of a miniature waterfall, Di asked, 'You don't feel like a bit of a bunk-up this evening, Stubby, by any chance?' / 'A bit of what?' / 'Dipping your wick, man!' / This was unlike the staid, chapel-going Di I thought I knew. 'I'm careful where I dip my wick, mate. Got a bit of respect for it.'
      • 2009, Ira Robbins, “Parthenogenesis”, in Kick It till It Breaks, [New York, N.Y.]: Trouser Press, →ISBN, page 130:
        Her laugh wasn't cruel in tone, but it cut through Husk like a scalpel, withering his wick even further.
    Derived terms
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    Descendants
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    • → Maori: wiki
    Translations
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    Verb

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    wick (third-person singular simple present wicks, present participle wicking, simple past and past participle wicked)

    1. (transitive) Of a material (especially a textile): to convey or draw off (liquid) by capillary action.
      The fabric wicks perspiration away from the body.
    2. (intransitive)
      1. Of a material: to convey or draw off liquid by capillary action.
      2. Chiefly followed by through or up: of a liquid: to move by capillary action through a porous material.
        The moisture slowly wicked through the wood.
    Translations
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    Etymology 2

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      From Middle English wik, wike, wich, wicke (“dwelling, home; building or land, probably enclosed, in which work is done; area, region, territory; city, town; hamlet, village”),[7] from Old English wīc (“dwelling place, abode, lodging; temporary dwelling place, camp; place where a thing remains; town, village”),[8] and then probably:

      both ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyḱ- (“to enter in; to settle; settlement”). Doublet of vicus and -wich.

      cognates

      Noun

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      wick (plural wicks) (England)

      2. (obsolete except dialectal) A hamlet or village; also, a town.
        • 1600, T[itus] Livius [i.e., Livy], “[Book XXXIIII]”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Romane Historie […], London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 866:
          And by report, there vvere eight thouſand Gaules there ſlaine: the reſt abandoned the vvarre, and ſlipt every one into their ovvne vvickes and villages.
      3. (obsolete except dialectal, chiefly East Anglia and Essex) A farm; specifically, a dairy farm.
      4. (obsolete) An enclosed piece of land; a close.
      Usage notes
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      Derived terms
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      Translations
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      Etymology 3

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        A variant of quick.[10]

        Adjective

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        wick (comparative wicker or more wick, superlative wickest or most wick)

        1. (Northern England, chiefly Yorkshire) Synonym of quick (“alive, living; also, active, lively”).
          • 1848, [Elizabeth Gaskell], chapter VIII, in Mary Barton: A Tale of Manchester Life. […] (Chapman and Hall’s Series of Original Works of Fiction, Biography, and General Literature), volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, page 127:
            Well! yo must know I were in th' Infirmary for a fever, and times were rare and bad; and there be good chaps there to a man, while he's wick, whate'er they may be about cutting him up at after.
          • 1845, “The Yorkshire Horse-dealer”, in James Henry Dixon, editor, Scottish Traditional Versions of Ancient Ballads (Early English Poetry, Ballads, and Popular Literature of the Middle Ages. […]; XVII), London: Printed for the Percy Society, by T. Richards, […], →OCLC, page 215:
            Thinks Abey, t' oud codger 'll nivver smoak t' trick, / I'll swop wi' him my poor deead horse for his wick, […]
          • 1868, J[ohn] C[hristopher] Atkinson, “Wick, adj.”, in A Glossary of the Cleveland Dialect: Explanatory, Derivative, and Critical, London: John Russell Smith, […], →OCLC, page 573:
            T' wickest young chap at ivver Ah seen.
            The liveliest young chap as ever I've seen.
          • 1877, Edward Peacock, “Wick, adj.”, in A Glossary of Words Used in the Wapentakes of Manley and Corringham, Lincolnshire (Glossaries of Lincolnshire and Sussex Words; Series C (Original Glossaries, and Glossaries with Fresh Additions); VI), London: […] [F]or the English Dialect Society, by Trübner & Co, […], →OCLC, page 275, column 1:
            I thowt they was dead last back end but they're wick enif noo.
          • 1905 August 26, Edward Peacock, “Replies. Yorkshire Dialect.”, in Notes and Queries: A Medium of Intercommunication for Literary Men, General Readers, etc., volume IV (10th Series), number 87, London: John C[ollins] Francis, […], and printed by John Edward Francis, […], →OCLC, page 170, column 2:
            "Are you afraid of going across the churchyard in the dark?" a young lady inquired of an old woman. "Lor' bless yer noä miss! It isn't dead uns I'm scar'd on, it's wick uns." […] I heard at the village of Yaddlethorpe, some five years after, a mother scolding her child. Among other threats, she said, "I'll skin ye wick." This threat with us usually takes the more modern form of "I'll skin ye alive."
          • 1910 November – 1911 August, Frances Hodgson Burnett, “The Nest of the Missel Thrush”, in The Secret Garden, New York, N.Y.: Frederick A[bbott] Stokes Company, published 1911, →OCLC, page 130:
            "That one [a tree]?" she said. "Is that one quite alive—quite?" / Dickon curved his wide smiling mouth. / "It's as wick as you or me," he said; and Mary remembered that Martha had told her that "wick" meant "alive" or "lively." / "I'm glad it's wick!" she cried out in her whisper. "I want them all to be wick. Let us go round the garden and count how many wick ones there are."
          • 1970, James Herriot [pseudonym; James Alfred Wight], chapter 9, in If Only They Could Talk, London: Pan Books, published 1975, →ISBN, page 74:
            [T]his 'oss [horse] is as wick as an eel. Could kick a fly's eye out.
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        Translations
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        Noun

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        wick (countable and uncountable, plural wicks) (UK, dialectal, chiefly Yorkshire)

        1. (countable) A maggot.
        2. (countable, horticulture)
          1. The growing part of a plant nearest to the roots.
            Fed close? Why, it’s eaten into t’ hard wick. (spoken of a pasture which has been fed very close)
          2. (chiefly in the plural) The part of the root of a weed that remains viable in the ground after inadequate digging prior to cultivation.
        3. (uncountable, obsolete) Life; also, liveliness.

        Etymology 4

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          From Late Middle English wike, wyke (“corner of part of the body”),[11] from Old Norse *vík (“angle, bend, corner”) (attested in munnvík (“corner of the mouth”)),[12] from víkja (“to move, bend, curve; to retreat”)[13] (related to Old Norse vikna (“to cave in, yield”)), probably from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną (“to cease; to yield”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃weyg-, *weyg- (“to bend, turn; to wind”).

          Noun

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          wick (plural wicks) (obsolete except UK, dialectal)

          1. A angle or corner; specifically, a corner of the eye or mouth.
            • 1607, Gervase Markham, “Of the Cutting of Colts Mouthes or Tongues, and of the Drawing of Teeth, to Helpe the Bit to Lie in His True Plac”, in Cauelarice, or The English Horseman: […], London: […] [Edward Allde and W[illiam] Jaggard] for Edward White, […], →OCLC, 1st book, page 82:
              [H]ee vvould therefore haue you to make ſome expert Horſe farrier, to ſlit vp the vveekes of your Horſes mouth, equallie on both ſides of his cheekes, vvith a ſharpe rayſor, and then to ſeare it vvith a hot yron, and ſo heale it in ſuch ſorte, as the ſydes thereof may no more grovv together, but appeare like a natural mouth: to vvhome I make this anſvvere, that I imagine neither hee, nor any other Horſe-man hath heere in England ſeene a horſe of that ſhallovvneſſe of mouth, vvhich vvold not giue place for a reaſonable bytt to lie in; […]
            • 1818, James Hogg, “The Hunt of Eildon. Ancient.”, in The Brownie of Bodsbeck; and Other Tales. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne & Co.] for William Blackwood, […]; London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, page 259:
              Croudy hung his head to one side, and chuckled, and crowed, and laid on the ground with his staff; and always now and then cast a sly look-out at the wick of his eye to Pery.
            • 1969, Vladimir Nabokov, chapter 12, in Ada, or, Ardor: A Family Chronicle, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1970, →ISBN, part 1, page 64:
              She considered him. A fiery droplet in the wick of her mouth considered him.
            1. Short for wick-tooth (“a canine tooth”).
          2. A grove; also, a hollow.
          Translations
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          Etymology 5

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          Probably borrowed from Scots wick (“(noun) shot in which a bowl or stone is aimed at another so that one or other is deflected at an angle towards the tee, cannon; (verb) to strike (a bowl or curling stone) in such a manner; to (attempt to) reach the tee in this manner”), The Scots noun is probably derived from Middle English wike, wyke (“corner of part of the body”); the verb from Old Norse víkja (“to move, bend, curve; to retreat”):[12] see further at etymology 4.[14]

          Noun

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          wick (plural wicks) (originally Scotland, bowls, curling)

          1. A shot where the played bowl or stone touches a stationary bowl or stone just enough that the former changes direction; a cannon.
          2. Synonym of port (“a narrow opening between other players' bowls or stones wide enough for a delivered bowl or stone to pass through”).
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          Translations
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          Verb

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          wick (third-person singular simple present wicks, present participle wicking, simple past and past participle wicked) (originally Scotland, bowls, curling)

          1. (transitive) To strike (a stationary bowl or stone) with one's own bowl or stone just enough that the former changes direction; to cannon.
          2. (intransitive) To strike a stationary bowl or stone with one's own bowl or stone just enough that the former changes direction; to cannon.
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          Translations
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          Etymology 6

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            Possibly from Middle English *wik (compare Old English wīc (“small bay, bight; creek, inlet”)), or from Old Norse vík (“bay; small creek, inlet”) (in place names;[15][16] compare *vík (“angle, bend, corner”), attested in munnvík (“corner of the mouth”)),[12] from Proto-Germanic *wīkō (“bay; fjord, inlet”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, turn; to wind”), *weyk- (“to bend, curve”).[17]

            Noun

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            wick (plural wicks)

            1. (Northern England, Scotland) An inlet, such as a creek or small bay.
              • 1822, [Walter Scott], chapter VI, in The Pirate. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 142:
                The power thou dost covet / O'er tempest and wave, / Shall be thine, thou proud maiden, / By beach and by cave,— / By stack and by skerry, by noup, and by voe, / By air and by wick, and by helyer and gio, / And by every wild shore which the northern winds know, / And the northern tides lave.
                Footnote 6: “Wick. An open bay.”
            Translations
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            Etymology 7

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            Probably a clipping of wicker.[18]

            Noun

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            wick (countable and uncountable, plural wicks) (probably UK, dialectal)

            1. (countable) A basket made of wickers (“flexible branches or twigs of a plant such as willow woven together”); a creel.
              • 1821, John Clare, “[Poems.] Rustic Fishing.”, in The Village Minstrel, and Other Poems, volume II, London: […] [T. Miller] for Taylor and Hessey, […]; and E[dward] Drury, […], →OCLC, page 102:
                A captive fish still fills the anxious eyes / And willow-wicks lie ready for the prize; […]
            2. (uncountable) Wickers collectively; also, synonym of wickerwork (“wickers woven together”).
            Translations
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            References

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            1. ^ “wẹ̄̆k(e, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
            2. ^ Joseph Bosworth (1882), “weóce”, in T[homas] Northcote Toller, editor, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1190, column 1.
            3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Compare “wick, n.1”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025.
            4. ^ “wick1, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
            5. ^ Guus Kroonen (2011), “The Evidence”, in The Proto-Germanic n-Stems: A Study in Diachronic Morphophonology (Leiden Studies in Indo-European), Amsterdam, North Holland; New York, N.Y.: Editions Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 194–195.
            6. ^ “wick, v.3”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023; “wick1, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
            7. ^ “wī̆k(e, n.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
            8. ^ Joseph Bosworth (1882), “wíc”, in T[homas] Northcote Toller, editor, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1212, column 2.
            9. ^ “wick, n.2”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025; “wick2, n.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
            10. ^ “wick, adj.2”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, March 2025; “wick3, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
            11. ^ “wī̆ke, n.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
            12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Compare “wick, n.1, v.1”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.
            13. ^ “wick | wike, n.3”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025.
            14. ^ Compare “wick, v.2”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025 and “wick, n.5”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025, which suggest that the English noun is derived from the verb.
            15. ^ Joseph Wright, editor (1905), “WICK, sb.2”, in The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume VI (T–Z, Supplement, Bibliography and Grammar), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 484.
            16. ^ Compare “wick, n.2”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.
            17. ^ Compare “wick, n.4”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025.
            18. ^ “wick, n.6”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2024.

            Further reading

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            Anagrams

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            Central Franconian

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            Alternative forms

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            Etymology

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            From Middle High German wīt, from Old High German (*)wīd, northern variant of wīt, from Proto-Germanic *wīdaz.

            The word underwent the regular Ripuarian velarisation -īd- → -igd- → -ig-.

            Pronunciation

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            Adjective

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            wick (masculine wigge, feminine and plural wick or wigge, comparative wigger, superlative et wickste)

            1. (Kölsch) far, wide, distant
              Nemm et Auto, der Wääch es ze wick für ze laufe.
              Take the car, the distance is too far to walk.

            Middle English

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            Adjective

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            wick

            1. alternative form of wikke

            Scots

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            Etymology

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            Borrowed from Norwegian vik, from Old Norse vík (“bay; small creek, inlet”) (in place names;[1] compare *vík (“angle, bend, corner”), attested in munnvík (“corner of the mouth”)),[2] from Proto-Germanic *wīkō (“bay; fjord, inlet”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, turn; to wind”), *weyk- (“to bend, curve”).

            Pronunciation

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            Noun

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            wick (plural wicks)

            1. An inlet of the sea, such as a creek or small bay; also, an open bight.
              • [1822, [Walter Scott], chapter VI, in The Pirate. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 142:
                The power thou dost covet / O'er tempest and wave, / Shall be thine, thou proud maiden, / By beach and by cave,— / By stack and by skerry, by noup, and by voe, / By air and by wick, and by helyer and gio, / And by every wild shore which the northern winds know, / And the northern tides lave.
                Footnote 6: “Wick. An open bay.” A use in English.]

            Alternative forms

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            References

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            1. ^ “wick, n.2”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.
            2. ^ “wick, n.1, v.1”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC, reproduced from W[illiam] Grant and D[avid] D. Murison, editors, The Scottish National Dictionary, Edinburgh: Scottish National Dictionary Association, 1931–1976, →OCLC.

            Yola

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            Alternative forms

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            Etymology

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            From Middle English wycke, variant of weke, from Old English wiċe, from Proto-West Germanic *wikā.

            Pronunciation

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            Noun

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            wick

            1. week

            References

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            • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 78
            Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=wick&oldid=87600239"