filum

See also: fílum

English

Etymology

From Latin fīlum (“thread”). Doublet of file.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfaɪləm/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Homophone: phylum

Noun

filum (plural fila)

1. (anatomy) a filamentous anatomical structure

Indonesian

Noun

filum (first-person possessive filumku, second-person possessive filummu, third-person possessive filumnya)

1. (taxonomy) phylum: A rank in the classification of organisms, below kingdom and above class; also called a divisio or a division, especially in describing plants; a taxon at that rank

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-. Cognate with Lithuanian gysla.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈfiː.lum/, [ˈfiːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈfi.lum/, [ˈfiːlum]

Noun

fīlum n (genitive fīlī); second declension

1. thread, string, filament, fiber
2. texture, style, nature
3. wick of a lamp

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	fīlum	fīla
Genitive	fīlī	fīlōrum
Dative	fīlō	fīlīs
Accusative	fīlum	fīla
Ablative	fīlō	fīlīs
Vocative	fīlum	fīla

Synonyms

• (wick): mergulus

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: hir, hjir, hiru
  • Romanian: fir
  • → Albanian: fill
• Dalmatian:
  • fil
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: filu
  • Italian: filo, fila
  • Sicilian: filu
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: fîl
  • Romansch: fil
  • Venetian: fiło, fil
    • → Turkish: filo
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: fil
    • French: fil ⇒ file (see there for further descendants)
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: fil, fila
  • Occitan: fil, fila
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: filu
    • Mirandese: filo
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: fio
    • Galician: fío
    • Portuguese: fio
  • Old Spanish: filo
    • Spanish: filo, hilo (see there for further descendants)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: filu, fiu, ilu
• Borrowings:
  • → English: filum

References

• “filum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “filum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• filum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• filum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French phylum.

Noun

filum n (plural filumuri)

1. (taxonomy) phylum

Declension

Declension of filum

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) filum	filumul	(niște) filumuri	filumurile
genitive/dative	(unui) filum	filumului	(unor) filumuri	filumurilor
vocative	filumule		filumurilor

References

• filum in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN