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fio

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: fío and fi'o

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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fio

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Esperanto

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Greek Alphabet
Φφ Previous: upsilono
Next: ĥio
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Etymology

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From Ancient Greek φῖ (phî, “the letter Φ”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfio/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -io
  • Syllabification: fi‧o

Noun

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fio (accusative singular fion, plural fioj, accusative plural fiojn)

  1. phi

Galician

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Verb

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fio

  1. (reintegrationist norm) first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Italian

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Etymology

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From Old French fieu (“fief”), from Frankish *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *péḱu (“livestock”).

Noun

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fio m (plural fii)

  1. retribution
  2. penalty

Latin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *fuiō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to grow, become, come into being, appear”). Compare with fuī, originally the perfect of this verb but now attached to sum (“to be”); and constructions with -bō, -bam (e.g. amābō, placēbō, nocēbō, monēbam, audiēbam).

The past participle is that of the verb faciō (“to make; to do”), via suppletion.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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fīō

  1. first-person singular present passive indicative of faciō

Verb

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fīō (present infinitive fierī, perfect active factus sum); third conjugation, suppletive, semi-deponent, no future active participle, irregular long ī

  1. (copulative) to become, be made
    Vōs ōrāmus ut discipulī ācerrimī fīātis ― We are begging you to become very keen students
  2. to happen, take place, result, arise
    Synonyms: interveniō, ēveniō, obveniō, expetō, obtingō, incurrō, accēdō, incidō, accidō, intercidō, contingō
    ut fit ― as happens usually/as is customary
    fit ut ― it happens that

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of fīō (third conjugation, suppletive, semi-deponent, no future active participle, irregular long ī)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fīō fīs fit fīmus fītis fīunt
imperfect fīēbam fīēbās fīēbat fīēbāmus fīēbātis fīēbant
future fīam fīēs fīet fīēmus fīētis fīent
perfect factus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect factus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect factus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present fīam fīās fīat fīāmus fīātis fīant
imperfect fierem fierēs fieret fierēmus fierētis fierent
perfect factus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect factus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — fī — — fīte —
future — fītō fītō — fītōte fīuntō
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present fierī — fīēns —
future factum īrī — — fīendus
perfect factum esse — factus —
future perfect factum fore — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
fīendī fīendō fīendum fīendō factum factū
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Descendants

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  • Balkano-Romance (blended with sum):
    • Aromanian: hiu
    • Istro-Romanian: fi
    • Megleno-Romanian: săm, iri
    • Romanian: fi
  • Italo-Romance (occasionally blended with sum):
    • Old Italian: fire (northern)
  • Borrowings:

References

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  • “fio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “fio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “fio”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • the vegetable kingdom: arbores stirpesque, herbae stirpesque (De Fin. 5. 11. 33)
    • the world of sense, the visible world: res sensibus or oculis subiectae (De Fin. 5. 12. 36)
    • what is the use of: quid attinet? with Infin.
    • those ideas have long ago been given up: illae sententiae iam pridem explosae et eiectae sunt (Fin. 5. 8. 23)
    • to give lectures: scholas habere, explicare (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    • subtleties of logic; dilemmas: disserendi spinae (Fin. 4. 28. 79)
    • premises; consequences: prima (superiora); consequentia (Fin. 4. 19. 54)
    • to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    • to get a question submitted to one: quaestionem poscere (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
    • native tongue; vernacular: sermo patrius (Fin. 1. 2. 4)
    • to dedicate a book to some one: librum mittere ad aliquem (Fin. 1. 3. 8)
    • kindheartedness: bonitas (Fin. 5. 29. 65)
    • to be blinded by passions: cupiditatibus occaecari (Fin. 1. 10. 33)
    • meagre diet: victus tenuis (Fin. 2. 28. 90)
    • the main dish: caput cenae (Fin. 2. 8. 25)
    • to live in solitude: in solitudine vivere (Fin. 3. 20. 65)
    • an anecdote: narratiuncula, fabella (Fin. 5. 15)
    • to prescribe in one's will: testamento aliquid cavere (Fin. 2. 31)
    • banished from public life: gerendis negotiis orbatus (Fin. 5. 20. 57)
    • the senate decrees to Africanus the honours of a triumph: triumphum senatus Africano decernit (Fin. 4. 9. 22)
    • (ambiguous) to meet some one by chance: obvium or obviam esse, obviam fieri
    • (ambiguous) what will become of him: quid illo fiet?
    • (ambiguous) to become known, become a topic of common conversation (used of things): foras efferri, palam fieri, percrebrescere, divulgari, in medium proferri, exire, emanare
    • (ambiguous) to be the talk of the town, a scandal: fabulam fieri
    • (ambiguous) to become famous, distinguish oneself: clarum fieri, nobilitari, illustrari (not the post-classical clarescere or inclarescere
    • (ambiguous) what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
    • (ambiguous) to have to pay a vow; to obtain one's wish: voti damnari, compotem fieri
    • (ambiguous) what is going on? how are you getting on: quid agitur? quid fit?
    • (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut fit, ita ut fit, ut fere fit
    • (ambiguous) as usually happens: ut solet, ut fieri solet
    • (ambiguous) the price of corn is going down: annona laxatur, levatur, vilior fit
    • (ambiguous) what is your opinion: quid de ea re fieri placet?
    • (ambiguous) a resolution of the senate (not opposed by a tribunicial veto) was made: senatus consultum fit (Att. 2. 24. 3)
    • (ambiguous) some one is accused: aliquis reus fit (Fam. 13. 54)
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 146
  • Dizionario Latino, Olivetti

Old English

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /fi͜uː/, /fe͜oː/

Verb

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fīo

  1. singular imperative of fīġan

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Latin fīlum. Cognate with Old Spanish filo and Old French fil.

Noun

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fio m (plural fios)

  1. thread, string
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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fio

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Further reading

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Portuguese

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Pronunciation

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  • (Lisbon) IPA(key): /ˈfiw/
  • Rhymes: -iu
  • Hyphenation: fi‧o

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese fio, from Latin fīlum. Compare Galician fío and Spanish filo, hilo.

Noun

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fio m (plural fios)

  1. (textiles) thread
  2. string
  3. trickle (a very thin flow)
    fio de água ― water trickle
    fio de azeite ― olive oil drizzle
  4. edge (thin cutting side of a blade)
    Synonym: gume
    fio da navalha ― razor's edge
  5. (jewelry) chain
  6. (electronics) wire
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Semantic loan from English thread.

Noun

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fio m (plural fios)

  1. (Internet slang) thread (series of messages, generally grouped by subject)

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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fio

  1. first-person singular present indicative of fiar

Etymology 4

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Noun

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fio m (plural fio or fios, feminine fia, feminine plural fia or fias)

  1. pronunciation spelling of filho, representing Caipira Portuguese
    • É, professora, meu fio não aguentou as gozações da mininada. Eu tentei fazê ele continuá, mas não teve jeito. Ele tava chateado demais.
      Welp, teacher, ma son couldn't handle the children's pranks. I tried ta make 'im stay there, but there was no talkin' him out of it. He was just too upset.
  2. pronunciation spelling of filhos, representing Caipira Portuguese
    • (Can we date this quote?), Wulcino Teixeira de Carvalho, Bravuras E Bravatas De Um Caipira:
      Ele jurô pur Deus, pela sarvação da árma da mãe dele... [...] qui os fio dele pudia nascer tudo morto, se aquilo num fosse vredade... só aí qui uns gato-pingado resorvêro acriditar.
      He swore ta God, to the salvation o' the soul of his Ma... ... 'n that may his children all arrive stillborn if it wern't troo... only den did some very few people dicide to believe 'im.

Further reading

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Romansh

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Etymology

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From Late Latin fīcātum (“liver”), from Latin iecur fīcātum (“fig-stuffed liver”).

Noun

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fio m (plural fios)

  1. (anatomy, Puter) liver

Synonyms

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  • (Rumantsch Grischun, Vallader) gnirom
  • (Surmiran) nirom
  • (Puter) gniram
  • (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) dir
  • (Surmiran) deir

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈfjo/ [ˈfjo]
  • Rhymes: -o
  • Syllabification: fio

Verb

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fio

  1. third-person singular preterite indicative of fiar
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