Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/puhkadak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From the same root as *puhudak[1] (*puša-) with a verbal suffix *-ka-.
Verb
[edit]Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *puhkadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *puhkan | *puhkëin | — | *puhkagon |
| 2nd sing. | *puhkat | *puhkëit | *puhkak | *puhkagos |
| 3rd sing. | *puhkabi *puhka |
*puhkëi | *puhkagasën | *puhkagosën |
| 1st plur. | *puhkakma | *puhkëima | *puhkagatëma | *puhkagotëma |
| 2nd plur. | *puhkakta | *puhkëida | *puhkagata | *puhkagotta |
| 3rd plur. | *puhkabat *puhka |
*puhkëi | *puhkagasën | *puhkagosën |
| passive | *puhkaksën *puhkat'aksën |
*puhkadisën *puhkattisën |
*puhkadakahën *puhkattakahën |
*puhkadakohën *puhkattakohën |
| connegative | *puhkak | — | *puhkagak | *puhkagok |
| passive connegative | *puhkaktak | — | *puhkadagak *puhkattagak |
*puhkadagok *puhkattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *puhkakcin | *puhkëicin | *puhkanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *puhkakcit | *puhkëicit | *puhkanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *puhkakci | *puhkëici | *puhkani | |
| 1st plur. | *puhkakcima | *puhkëicima | *puhkanëma | |
| 2nd plur. | *puhkakcita | *puhkëicita | *puhkanëta | |
| 3rd plur. | *puhkakci | *puhkëici | *puhkani | |
| passive | *puhkadakcihën *puhkat'akcihën |
*puhkadicihën *puhkatticihën |
*puhkadanëhën *puhkattanëhën | |
| connegative | *puhkakcik | *puhkëicik | *puhkanëk | |
| passive connegative | *puhkadakcik *puhkat'akcik |
*puhkadicik *puhkatticik |
*puhkadanëk *puhkattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *puhkadak | present | *puhkaba | *puhkadapa *puhkattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *puhkadë- | past | *puhkanut | *puhkadu *puhkattu |
| gerund/supine | *puhkama | negative | *puhkamat'oin | |
| action noun | *puhkaminën | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: puhkama (“to rest”)
- Finnish: puhkaa (“to huff, blow”)
- Ingrian: puhkaa (“to rest”), puhata (“to huff, blow”)
- Karelian:
- Livonian: pū’gõ (“to blow”)
- Livvi: puhkua (“to huff, puff”)
- ⇒ Veps: puhkaita (“to billow, puff”)
- Võro: puhkma (“to blow”), puhkama (“to rest”)
- ⇒ Votic: puhgõtõ (“to rest”)
References
[edit]- ^ Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “puhkaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*puhka-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][2] (in Finnish)
Further reading
[edit]- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “puhkaa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN