Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vaikka
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz.[1]
Adjective
[edit]*vaikka[2]
Declension
[edit]Inflection of *vaikka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *vaikka | *vaik'at | |
| accusative | *vaik'an | *vaik'at | |
| genitive | *vaik'an | *vaikkadën *vaikkoidën | |
| partitive | *vaikkada | *vaikkoida | |
| inessive | *vaik'assa *vaik'ahna |
*vaik'oissa *vaik'oihna | |
| elative | *vaik'asta | *vaik'oista | |
| illative | *vaikkahën | *vaikkoihën | |
| adessive | *vaik'alla | *vaik'oilla | |
| ablative | *vaik'alta | *vaik'oilta | |
| allative | *vaikkalën *vaikkalëk |
*vaikkoilën *vaikkoilëk | |
| essive | *vaikkana | *vaikkoina | |
| translative | *vaik'aksi | *vaik'oiksi | |
| instructive | *vaik'an | *vaik'oin | |
| comitative | *vaikkanëk | *vaikkoinëk | |
| abessive | *vaik'atta | *vaik'oitta | |
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: vaik, ⇒ vaikne
- Finnish: ⇒ vaieta, (dialectal) vaiketa
- Ingrian: ⇒ vaiketa
- Karelian:
- South Karelian: vaikkane
- Livvi: ⇒ vaikkaine
- Ludian: ⇒ vaikkani
- Veps: ⇒ vaikne
- Võro: ⇒ vaiklik
References
[edit]- ^ Kylstra, A.D., Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa, Hofstra, Tette, Nikkilä, Otto, editors (1991–2012), “vaikea1”, in Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen (in German), Amsterdam: Rodopi
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*vaikka”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
Further reading
[edit]- “vaikne”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “vaieta”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Etymology 2
[edit]Probably from or akin to *vai (“or”), with + *-ka; perhaps roughly *vai + *-ka; the dialectal Finnish variant vaihka may hint at why this particle has a geminate *-kk-.
Conjunction
[edit]*vaikka (Northern Finnic)
Descendants
[edit]- Finnish: vaikka, (dialectal) vaihka
- Ingrian: ⇒ vaikko, vaikka, vaik
- → Votic: vaikkõ
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: vaikka (possibly borrowed from Finnish)
Further reading
[edit]- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “vaikka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][3] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN