Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”). If so, cognate with Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”), Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bûsen (“to feast, booze, drink heavily”), Middle High German būs (“a swelling”), and indirectly (via bowse, ultimately from Middle Dutch) booze. Non-Germanic cognates may include Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”).

Alternatively reconstructed by Kroonen as *beurą, a dissimilation of earlier *breurą, derived from *brewwaną (“to brew”).^[1] In a parenthetical side remark, Hyllested speculatively suggests an origin in Oghur *pora (“a grey kvas-like drink”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbeu̯.zɑ̃/

Noun

*beuzą n

beer
Synonym: *alu

Inflection

Declension of *beuzą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*beuzą	*beuzō
vocative	*beuzą	*beuzō
accusative	*beuzą	*beuzō
genitive	beuzas, biuzis	*beuzǫ̂
dative	*beuzai	*beuzamaz
instrumental	*beuzō	*beuzamiz

Alternative reconstructions

*beurą

Derived terms

*beuzasaliz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ
- Old English: bēor
  - Middle English: bere, beere
    - English: beer (see there for further descendants)
    - Scots: bere, beir, beer
- Old Frisian: biār
  - Saterland Frisian: Bjoor
  - West Frisian: bier
- Old Saxon: bior
  - Middle Low German: bêr
    - Low German: Bier
      - German Low German: Beer, Bier
        Mecklenburgisch: Bier
    - Plautdietsch: Bea
- Old Dutch: bior, bier
  - Middle Dutch: bier
    - Dutch: bier (see there for further descendants)
    - Limburgish: beer
    - → Middle French: biere
      - French: bière
        → Abenaki: labial (from "la bière")
        → Khmer: ប៊ីយេរ (biiyɛɛ)
        → Lao: ເບຍ (bīa)
        → Sango: bîêre
        → Vietnamese: bia
- Old High German: bior, pior
  - Middle High German: bier
    - Alemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier
    - Bavarian: Bia, Bäia
      - Cimbrian: bir
      - Mòcheno: piar
    - Central Franconian: Bier, Beer
      - Luxembourgish: Béier
    - East Central German:
      - Vilamovian: biyr
    - German: Bier (see there for further descendants)
    - Rhine Franconian:
      - Pennsylvania German: Bier
    - Yiddish: ביר (bir)
Old Norse: bjórr
- Icelandic: bjór
- Faroese: bjór
- Norwegian: bjor
- → Middle Irish: beóir
  - Irish: beoir

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*beura-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 62
^ Hyllested, Adam. 2014.