Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuzą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment; brewer's yeast”). If so, cognate with Swedish buska (“freshly brewed beer, new beer”), Middle Dutch and Middle Low German bûsen (“to feast, booze, drink heavily”), Middle High German būs (“a swelling”), and indirectly (via bowse, ultimately from Middle Dutch) booze. Non-Germanic cognates may include Albanian mbush (“to fill, stuff”).

Alternatively reconstructed by Kroonen as *beurą, a dissimilation of earlier *breurą, derived from *brewwaną (“to brew”). In a parenthetical side remark, Hyllested speculatively suggests an origin in Oghur *pora (“a grey kvas-like drink”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbeu̯.zɑ̃/

Noun

*beuzą n

1. beer

   Synonym: *alu

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *beuzą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*beuzą	*beuzō
vocative	*beuzą	*beuzō
accusative	*beuzą	*beuzō
genitive	*beuzas, *biuzis	*beuzǫ̂
dative	*biuzai	*beuzamaz
instrumental	*beuzō	*beuzamiz

Alternative reconstructions

• *beurą

Derived terms

• *beuzasaliz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *beuʀ
  • Old English: bēor
    • Middle English: bere, beere
      • English: beer (see there for further descendants)
      • Scots: bere, beir, beer
  • Old Frisian: biār
    • Saterland Frisian: Bjoor
    • West Frisian: bier
  • Old Saxon: bior
    • Middle Low German: bêr
      • German Low German: Beer

        Mecklenburgisch: Bier

      • Plautdietsch: Bea
  • Old Dutch: *bior, *bier
    • Middle Dutch: bier
      • Dutch: bier (see there for further descendants)
        • Afrikaans: bier
      • Limburgish: beer
      • → Old French: biere (see there for further descendants)
  • Old High German: bior
    • Middle High German: bier
      • Alemannic German: Bier, Biär, Pier
      • Bavarian: Bia, Bäia
        • Cimbrian: bir
        • Mòcheno: piar
      • Central Franconian: Bier, Beer
        • Luxembourgish: Béier
      • East Central German:
        • Vilamovian: biyr
      • German: Bier (see there for further descendants)
      • Rhine Franconian:
        • Pennsylvania German: Bier
      • Yiddish: ביר‎ (bir)
• Old Norse: bjórr
  • Icelandic: bjór
  • Faroese: bjór
  • Norwegian: bjor
  • → Middle Irish: beóir
    • Irish: beoir

References

• Hyllested, Adam. (2014). Word Exchange at the Gates of Europe: Five Millennia of Language Contact. Københavns Universitet, Det Humanistiske Fakultet. University of Copenhagen. pp.121.