beer
English[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English bere, from Old English bēor (“beer”), from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”) (putatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bjoor, West Frisian bier, German Low German Beer, Dutch bier, German Bier, Icelandic bjór (“beer”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /bɪə(ɹ)/
- (UK) IPA(key): /bɪə/, /bɪː/
Audio (UK) (file)
- (US) IPA(key): /bɪɚ/, /bɪɹ/
Audio (US) (file)
- (near–square merger) IPA(key): /bɛə/
Audio (AU) (file) - Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
- Homophone: bier
Noun[edit]
beer (countable and uncountable, plural beers)
- (uncountable) An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt, often with hops or some other substance to impart a bitter flavor.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:beer
- Beer is brewed all over the world.
- 1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest[1]:
- “ […] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like
Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads of beer. […] ”
- (uncountable) A fermented extract of the roots and other parts of various plants, as spruce, ginger, sassafras, etc.
- (uncountable) A solution produced by steeping plant materials in water or another fluid.
- (countable) A glass, bottle, or can of any of the above beverages.
- I bought a few beers from the shop for the party.
- Can I buy you a beer?
- I'd like two beers and a glass of white wine.
- (countable) A variety of the above beverages.
- Pilsner is one of the most commonly served beers in Europe.
- I haven't tried this beer before.
Derived terms[edit]
- beer and skittles
- beer belly
- beer-bust
- beer can
- beered-up
- beer garden
- beer goggles
- beer gut
- beer hall
- beerily
- beerish
- beerless
- beer mat
- beer muscles
- beer o'clock
- beer parlour
- beer pull
- beerstone
- beery
- bock beer
- champagne taste on a beer budget
- craft beer
- cry in one's beer
- ginger beer
- hold my beer
- ice beer
- keg beer
- near beer
- root beer
- small beer
- spruce beer
- wheat beer
Descendants[edit]
- Tok Pisin: bia
- → Alabama: biya
- → Bengali: বিয়ার (biẏar)
- → Burmese: ဘီယာ (bhiya)
- ⇒ Chinese: 啤酒 (píjiǔ)
- → Hausa: biya
- → Hawaiian: bia
- → Hindi: बियर (biyar)
- → Khmer: បៀរ (biə)
- → Maori: pia
- → Malay: bir
- → Swahili: bia
- → Telugu: బీరు (bīru)
- → Thai: เบียร์ (biia)
- → Zulu: ubhiya
Translations[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Verb[edit]
beer (third-person singular simple present beers, present participle beering, simple past and past participle beered)
- (informal, transitive) To give beer to (someone)
- 1870, Sidney Daryl, His First Brief. A Comedietta in Clement Scott, Drawing-room Plays and Parlour Pantomimes, Robson and Sons, pages 303–304:
- No doubt he then can feed us, wine us, beer us, And cook us something that can warm and cheer us.
- 2010, Steve Brezenhoff, The Absolute Value of -1, Carolrhoda Lab, page 121:
- “Beer me!” said Goody. “Also your weed is shit. Where’s the good stuff, dude?”
- 2013, Janet E. Cameron, Cinnamon Toast and the End of the World, Hatchette Books Ireland, page 124:
- I heard Patty Marsh yelling, ‘Beer him, Eleanor!’
- 2013, R. D. Power, Forbidden, page 39:
- “Beer me!” To his astonishment she obeyed his command, appearing a minute later with a glass of beer and a wry smile.
- 1870, Sidney Daryl, His First Brief. A Comedietta in Clement Scott, Drawing-room Plays and Parlour Pantomimes, Robson and Sons, pages 303–304:
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle English beere, equivalent to be + -er.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈbi.ɚ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈbiː.ə/
Noun[edit]
beer (plural beers)
- (nonstandard) One who is or exists.
- 1990, Budge Wilson, “Be-ers and Doers”, in The leaving, and other stories:
- That meant, among other things, that he was going to be a fast-moving doer. And even when he was three or four, it wasn't hard for me to know that this wasn't going to be easy. Because Albert was a beer. Born that way.
Alternative forms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “Sumerian beer” from Language Log, 2022-04-04
Afrikaans[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Dutch beer, from Proto-Germanic *berô.
Noun[edit]
beer (plural bere, diminutive beertjie)
Etymology 2[edit]
From Dutch beer, from Proto-West Germanic *bair
Noun[edit]
beer (plural bere)
- boar, male swine
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Dutch bēre, from Old Dutch *bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō, from Proto-Germanic *berô.
Noun[edit]
beer m (plural beren, diminutive beertje n)
- A bear, any member of the family Ursidae
- De beer drinkt bier.
- The bear drinks beer.
- (figuratively) A person who is physically impressive and/or crude
- Wat een beer van een vent daar voorin, he?
- What a bear of a guy there in front, huh?
- Wat een beer van een vent daar voorin, he?
Derived terms[edit]
- bere-
- berenbijt
- berenklauw
- berenjacht
- berenkuil
- berenleider
- berenmarkt
- berenmuts
- beren op de weg zien
- berentemmer
- berenval
- berin
- brombeer
- dansbeer
- gummybeer
- knuffelbeer
- teddybeer
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle Dutch bêer, from Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.
Noun[edit]
beer m (plural beren, diminutive beertje n)
- boar (male swine)
- De kinderboerderij heeft een aantal zeugen en maar één beer.
- The petting zoo has a number of sows and only one boar.
- buttress; protective external construction, notably against ice or supporting the weight of the main building
- A boar-shaped type of battering ram
- A male badger
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Afrikaans: beer
Etymology 3[edit]
From Middle Dutch bere, from Old Dutch [Term?], from a derivative of Proto-West Germanic *bermō (“yeast”), related to Old English beorma, Albanian burmë.
Noun[edit]
beer m (plural beren, diminutive beertje n)
- (now dialectal) liquid, notably human manure (excrement gathered in a pit to fertilize)
- Wie doet er nu beer in zijn bier? Ik haat beer!
- Who in the world would put liquid manure in his beer? I hate manure!
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Borrowed from German Bär. Cognate to etymology 1.
Noun[edit]
beer m (plural beren)
- (college slang) debt
- Door haar gokverslaving zat ze met een enorme beer opgescheept.
- Due to her gambling addiction she was saddled with an enormous debt.
- Synonym: schuld
- (college slang) creditor (one to whom one owes debt)
- Henry zag niet zijn beren op de weg, maar wel bij hem op de stoep.
- Henry didn't see his creditors on the road, but he did see them on his doorstep.
- Synonym: schuldeiser
References[edit]
- M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]
Latin[edit]
Verb[edit]
beer
Limburgish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Dutch bier, from Old Dutch bier, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą.
Noun[edit]
beer n
- beer
- any alcoholic drink
Inflection[edit]
Root singular | Root plural | Diminutive singular | Diminutive plural | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | beer | bere | beerke | beerkes |
Genitive | beers | bere | beerkes | beerkes |
Locative | baer | baere | baerke | baerkes |
Dative* | baerem | baerer | baeremske | baeremskes |
Accusative* | beer | berer | beerke | beerkes |
- The dative and accusative are obsolete nowadays, the nominative is used instead.
Middle Dutch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.
Noun[edit]
bêer m
Inflection[edit]
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “beer”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “bere (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page bere
Old French[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Medieval Latin badō (“I am open”).
Verb[edit]
beer
- (transitive) to open
- (intransitive) to open
- (chiefly) to pant; to breathe heavily
- (figuratively) to desire; to lust for
Conjugation[edit]
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | beer | avoir beé | |||||
gerund | en beant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | beant | ||||||
past participle | beé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | be | bees | bee | beons | beez | beent |
imperfect | beoie, beeie, beoe, beeve | beoies, beeies, beoes, beeves | beoit, beeit, beot, beeve | beïiens, beïens | beïiez, beïez | beoient, beeient, beoent, beevent | |
preterite | beai | beas | bea | beames | beastes | beerent | |
future | beerai | beeras | beera | beerons | beeroiz, beereiz, beerez | beeront | |
conditional | beeroie, beereie | beeroies, beereies | beeroit, beereit | beeriiens, beeriens | beeriiez, beeriez | beeroient, beereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | be | bez | bet | beons | beez | beent |
imperfect | beasse | beasses | beast | beïssons, beïssiens | beïssoiz, beïssez, beïssiez | beassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | bee | — | beons | beez | — |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (beer)
Somali[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Cushitic *baar-
Noun[edit]
beer ?
References[edit]
- Puglielli, Annarita; Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012), “beer”, in Qaamuuska Af-Soomaliga, Rome: RomaTrE-Press, →ISBN, page 101
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English 2-syllable words
- Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- English verbs
- English informal terms
- English transitive verbs
- English words suffixed with -er (agent noun)
- English nonstandard terms
- en:Beer
- en:Zymurgy
- Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation
- Afrikaans terms with audio links
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans nouns
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- af:Ursids
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Dutch/eːr
- Rhymes:Dutch/eːr/1 syllable
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Carnivores
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- nl:Male animals
- Dutch dialectal terms
- Dutch terms borrowed from German
- Dutch terms derived from German
- nl:Universities
- Dutch student slang
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Limburgish terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Limburgish terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Limburgish terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Limburgish terms derived from Old Dutch
- Limburgish terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Limburgish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Limburgish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Limburgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Limburgish lemmas
- Limburgish nouns
- Limburgish neuter nouns
- li:Alcoholic beverages
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch nouns
- Middle Dutch masculine nouns
- dum:Male animals
- dum:Pigs
- Old French terms derived from Medieval Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French transitive verbs
- Old French intransitive verbs
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er
- Old French irregular verbs
- Somali terms inherited from Proto-Cushitic
- Somali terms derived from Proto-Cushitic
- Somali lemmas
- Somali nouns