beo

See also: BEO, béo, beò, and beó

Breton

Adjective

beo

1. Obsolete spelling of bev

---

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /bʲoː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /bʲɔː/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish béo (“living, quick; alive; a living being; an immortal”), from Proto-Celtic *biwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Compare Welsh byw.

Adjective

beo (comparative beo or beocha)

1. alive
2. active
3. lively
4. (broadcasting) live
5. live (being in a state of ignition; burning)

   Synonym: dearg

Declension

Declension of beo

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	beo	bheo	beo; bheo²
Vocative	bheo		beo
Genitive		beo	beo	beo
Dative	beo; bheo¹	bheo	beo; bheo²
Comparative	níos beo
Superlative	is beo

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

• Alternative plural form: beodha
• Alternative comparative form: beocha (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms

Terms derived from beo

• beoigh (“animate, enliven, freshen, liven (up), refresh, vitalise, perk up”, verb)
• beoshúileach (“quick-eyed”, adjective)

• díbheo (“lifeless, listless, moribund”, adjective)

• maitrís bheo (“active matrix”)

Adverb

beo

1. (in a negative sentence) for the life of one

   Níl a fhios agam beo.

   I don’t know for the life of me

Noun

beo m (genitive singular beo, nominative plural beo)

1. living thing
2. life
3. livelihood
4. quick (sensitive flesh)

Declension

Declension of beo

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative beo beo Vocative a bheo a bheo Genitive beo beo Dative beo beo

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an beo na beo Genitive an bheo na mbeo Dative leis an mbeo don bheo leis na beo

Related terms

• beatha f (“life; biography; living, livelihood; food, sustenance”)

Verb

beo

1. present subjunctive analytic of beoigh (“animate, enliven, freshen, liven (up), refresh, vitalise, perk up”)

Etymology 2

Noun

beo m (genitive singular beo, nominative plural beonna)

1. Alternative form of breo (“brand, torch; glow”)

Declension

Declension of beo

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative beo beonna Vocative a bheo a bheonna Genitive beo beonna Dative beo beonna

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an beo na beonna Genitive an bheo na mbeonna Dative leis an mbeo don bheo leis na beonna

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
beo	bheo	mbeo
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "beo" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• “béo” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
• Entries containing “beo” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “beo” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

---

Italian

Verb

beo

1. first-person singular present indicative of beare

Anagrams

• boe

---

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dweos, from earlier *dwejos, from Proto-Indo-European *dew- (“to show favor, revere”). Related to bene (“well”) (from *dwe-nēd) and bonus (“good”) (from *dwe-nos).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈbe.oː/

Verb

beō (present infinitive beāre, perfect active beāvī, supine beātum); first conjugation

1. I bless
2. I gladden
3. I enrich (with)

Inflection

Conjugation of beo (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	beō	beās	beat	beāmus	beātis	beant
	imperfect	beābam	beābās	beābat	beābāmus	beābātis	beābant
	future	beābō	beābis	beābit	beābimus	beābitis	beābunt
	perfect	beāvī	beāvistī	beāvit	beāvimus	beāvistis	beāvērunt, beāvēre
	pluperfect	beāveram	beāverās	beāverat	beāverāmus	beāverātis	beāverant
	future perfect	beāverō	beāveris	beāverit	beāverimus	beāveritis	beāverint
passive	present	beor	beāris, beāre	beātur	beāmur	beāminī	beantur
	imperfect	beābar	beābāris, beābāre	beābātur	beābāmur	beābāminī	beābantur
	future	beābor	beāberis, beābere	beābitur	beābimur	beābiminī	beābuntur
	perfect	beātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	beātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	beātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	beem	beēs	beet	beēmus	beētis	beent
	imperfect	beārem	beārēs	beāret	beārēmus	beārētis	beārent
	perfect	beāverim	beāverīs	beāverit	beāverīmus	beāverītis	beāverint
	pluperfect	beāvissem	beāvissēs	beāvisset	beāvissēmus	beāvissētis	beāvissent
passive	present	beer	beēris, beēre	beētur	beēmur	beēminī	beentur
	imperfect	beārer	beārēris, beārēre	beārētur	beārēmur	beārēminī	beārentur
	perfect	beātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	beātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	beā	—	—	beāte	—
	future	—	beātō	beātō	—	beātōte	beantō
passive	present	—	beāre	—	—	beāminī	—
	future	—	beātor	beātor	—	—	beantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		beāre	beāvisse	beātūrus esse	beārī	beātus esse	beātum īrī
participles		beāns	—	beātūrus	—	beātus	beandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		nominative	genitive	dative/ablative	accusative	accusative	ablative
		beāre	beandī	beandō	beandum	beātum	beātū

References

• beo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• beo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

---

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beːo̯/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *biumi (“am”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to become, be”).

Verb

bēo

1. inflection of bēon:
   1. first-person singular indicative and subjunctive
   2. second-person and third-person singular subjunctive
   3. second-person singular imperative

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *bijō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰī-. Cognate with Old Frisian bē (West Frisian bij), Old Saxon bīa (Middle Low German bīe), Dutch bij, Old High German bīa, bini (German Biene, dialectal Beie), Old Norse bý (Danish and Swedish bi). The Indo-European root is also the source of Lithuanian bìtė, Latvian bite, Proto-Slavic *bьčela (Old Church Slavonic бьчєла (bĭčela), Russian пчела (pčela)), Proto-Celtic *beko- (Old Irish bech, Irish beach).

Alternative forms

• bīo, bī

Noun

bēo f (nominative plural bēon)

1. bee

Derived terms

Terms derived from beo

• bēobrēad
• bēoceorl

• bēogang
• bēomōdor

• bēonbroþ
• bēowyrt

Descendants

• Middle English: bee, beo
  • Scots: be, bee, beye, bie, bea
  • English: bee

See also

• Bēowulf

---

Old Irish

Verb

beo

1. Alternative form of béo

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
beo	beo pronounced with /v(ʲ)-/	mbeo
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

---

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• bijȇl, bȉo (Ijekavian, dialectal)
• bȇl (dialectal)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bělъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bêo/

Adjective

bȅo (definite bȇlī, comparative bèljī, Cyrillic spelling бе̏о)

1. white
2. blank
3. blanched

Declension

positive indefinite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		beo	bela	belo
genitive		bela	bele	bela
dative		belu	beloj	belu
accusative	inanimate animate	beo bela	belu	belo
vocative		beo	bela	belo
locative		belu	beloj	belu
instrumental		belim	belom	belim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		beli	bele	bela
genitive		belih	belih	belih
dative		belim(a)	belim(a)	belim(a)
accusative		bele	bele	bela
vocative		beli	bele	bela
locative		belim(a)	belim(a)	belim(a)
instrumental		belim(a)	belim(a)	belim(a)

positive definite forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		beli	bela	belo
genitive		belog(a)	bele	belog(a)
dative		belom(u/e)	beloj	belom(u/e)
accusative	inanimate animate	beli belog(a)	belu	belo
vocative		beli	bela	belo
locative		belom(e/u)	beloj	belom(e/u)
instrumental		belim	belom	belim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		beli	bele	bela
genitive		belih	belih	belih
dative		belim(a)	belim(a)	belim(a)
accusative		bele	bele	bela
vocative		beli	bele	bela
locative		belim(a)	belim(a)	belim(a)
instrumental		belim(a)	belim(a)	belim(a)

comparative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		belji	belja	belje
genitive		beljeg(a)	belje	beljeg(a)
dative		beljem(u)	beljoj	beljem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	belji beljeg(a)	belju	belje
vocative		belji	belja	belje
locative		beljem(u)	beljoj	beljem(u)
instrumental		beljim	beljom	beljim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		belji	belje	belja
genitive		beljih	beljih	beljih
dative		beljim(a)	beljim(a)	beljim(a)
accusative		belje	belje	belja
vocative		belji	belje	belja
locative		beljim(a)	beljim(a)	beljim(a)
instrumental		beljim(a)	beljim(a)	beljim(a)

superlative forms

singular		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najbelji	najbelja	najbelje
genitive		najbeljeg(a)	najbelje	najbeljeg(a)
dative		najbeljem(u)	najbeljoj	najbeljem(u)
accusative	inanimate animate	najbelji najbeljeg(a)	najbelju	najbelje
vocative		najbelji	najbelja	najbelje
locative		najbeljem(u)	najbeljoj	najbeljem(u)
instrumental		najbeljim	najbeljom	najbeljim
plural		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative		najbelji	najbelje	najbelja
genitive		najbeljih	najbeljih	najbeljih
dative		najbeljim(a)	najbeljim(a)	najbeljim(a)
accusative		najbelje	najbelje	najbelja
vocative		najbelji	najbelje	najbelja
locative		najbeljim(a)	najbeljim(a)	najbeljim(a)
instrumental		najbeljim(a)	najbeljim(a)	najbeljim(a)

---

Vietnamese

Etymology

From Late Proto-Vietic *pɛːw (“leopard”), from Middle Chinese 豹 (MC pˠau^H, “leopard”). Doublet of báo.

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ɓɛw˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ɓɛw˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ɓɛw˧˧]

Noun

(classifier con) beo (豹, 𧲼, 𧴋)

1. (Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) Synonym of báo (“a leopard, a jaguar or a cheetah”)