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bonus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Bonus, bonus-, bónus, and bônus

English

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Etymology

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    Borrowed from Latin bonus (good). Doublet of bona.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    bonus (plural bonuses or bonusses or (nonstandard) boni)

    1. Something extra that is good; an added benefit.
    2. An extra sum given as a premium, e.g. to an employee or to a shareholder.
      • 2009 February 14, “Letters: Time to sack the bonus culture”, in The Guardian[1], archived from the original on 26 December 2024:
        I was a bank manager in the 1970s, but I never received or expected to receive a bonus for doing my paid work.
      • 2013 June 22, “Engineers of a different kind”, in The Economist[2], volume 407, number 8841, archived from the original on 19 April 2020, page 70:
        Private-equity nabobs bristle at being dubbed mere financiers. [] Much of their pleading is public-relations bluster. Clever financial ploys are what have made billionaires of the industry’s veterans. “Operational improvement” in a portfolio company has often meant little more than promising colossal bonuses to sitting chief executives if they meet ambitious growth targets. That model is still prevalent today.
      The employee of the week receives a bonus for his excellent work.
    3. (video games) An addition to the player's score based on performance, e.g. for time remaining.
      • 1988, David Powell, Rygar (video game review) in Your Sinclair issue 25
        Spend the time killing things and there's a bonus for each hit - but only for fatalities notched up since the start of your current life.
    4. (basketball) One or more free throws awarded to a team when the opposing team has accumulated enough fouls.

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • Danish: bonus
    • French: bonus
    • German: Bonus
    • Portuguese: bónus / bônus
    • Japanese: ボーナス (bōnasu)
    • Turkish: bonus

    Translations

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    The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

    Verb

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    bonus (third-person singular simple present bonuses or bonusses, present participle bonusing or bonussing, simple past and past participle bonused or bonussed)

    1. (transitive) To pay a bonus, premium
      • 1949, Land Values Research Group, Reclamation of an Industrial Suburb:
        In its adherence to a system of rating which bonusses the most anti-social owners and penalises those doing something to improve the district, the municipality must accept a large measure of responsibility.
      • 1964, Translations on USSR Labor, United States Joint Publications Research Service, page 22:
        The main bulk of the piece-workers (71%) are bonussed for fulfillment of the production quotas by the section, shop or plant on condition they fulfill the norms.
      • 1991, Bruce S. Elliott, The City Beyond: A History of Nepean, Birthplace of Canada’s Capital, 1792-1990, Corporation of the City of Nepean, →ISBN, page 130:
        Extracting grants called bonusses from municipal councils had become a fine art in the hands of railway promoters, and by the 1870s councils were aware that huge municipal debts could be mounted up by bonussing railway lines that as often as not never materialized.

    Translations

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    Anagrams

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    Czech

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    Etymology

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      Borrowed from Latin bonus.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): [ˈbonus]
      • Hyphenation: bo‧nus

      Noun

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      bonus m inan

      1. bonus

      Declension

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      Further reading

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      Danish

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      Etymology

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        Via English bonus from Latin bonus (good).

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        bonus c (singular definite bonussen, plural indefinite bonusser)

        1. bonus (an extra sum given as a premium, e.g. to an employee or to a shareholder)
        2. bonus (an unexpected benefit)
        3. bonus (an extraordinary reduction of a price)

        Declension

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        Declension of bonus
        common
        gender
        singular plural
        indefinite definite indefinite definite
        nominative bonus bonussen bonusser bonusserne
        genitive bonus' bonussens bonussers bonussernes

        Dutch

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        Etymology

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          Borrowed from Latin bonus (good).

          Pronunciation

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          • IPA(key): /ˈboː.nʏs/
          • Audio:(file)
          • Hyphenation: bo‧nus

          Noun

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          bonus m (plural bonussen or boni, diminutive bonusje n)

          1. a bonus, an extra or premium
          2. (by extension) Any one-off gain
          3. good marks in a rating scale, notably to calculate an insurance premium dependent on the number of accidents

          Derived terms

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          Descendants

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          • Indonesian: bonus
          • Sranan Tongo: bones
            • Caribbean Javanese: bones

          Esperanto

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          Pronunciation

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          • IPA(key): /ˈbonus/
          • Rhymes: -onus
          • Syllabification: bo‧nus

          Verb

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          bonus

          1. conditional of boni

          Finnish

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          Etymology

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          Borrowed from English bonus or Latin bonus.

          Pronunciation

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          • IPA(key): /ˈbo(ː)nus/, [ˈbo̞(ː)nus̠]
          • Rhymes: -onus
          • Syllabification(key): bo‧nus
          • Hyphenation(key): bo‧nus

          Noun

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          bonus

          1. bonus (something extra)
          2. bonus (extra payment to an employee)

          Declension

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          Inflection of bonus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
          nominative bonus bonukset
          genitive bonuksen bonusten
          bonuksien
          partitive bonusta bonuksia
          illative bonukseen bonuksiin
          singular plural
          nominative bonus bonukset
          accusative nom. bonus bonukset
          gen. bonuksen
          genitive bonuksen bonusten
          bonuksien
          partitive bonusta bonuksia
          inessive bonuksessa bonuksissa
          elative bonuksesta bonuksista
          illative bonukseen bonuksiin
          adessive bonuksella bonuksilla
          ablative bonukselta bonuksilta
          allative bonukselle bonuksille
          essive bonuksena bonuksina
          translative bonukseksi bonuksiksi
          abessive bonuksetta bonuksitta
          instructive bonuksin
          comitative See the possessive forms below.
          Possessive forms of bonus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
          first-person singular possessor
          singular plural
          nominative bonukseni bonukseni
          accusative nom. bonukseni bonukseni
          gen. bonukseni
          genitive bonukseni bonusteni
          bonuksieni
          partitive bonustani bonuksiani
          inessive bonuksessani bonuksissani
          elative bonuksestani bonuksistani
          illative bonukseeni bonuksiini
          adessive bonuksellani bonuksillani
          ablative bonukseltani bonuksiltani
          allative bonukselleni bonuksilleni
          essive bonuksenani bonuksinani
          translative bonuksekseni bonuksikseni
          abessive bonuksettani bonuksittani
          instructive
          comitative bonuksineni
          second-person singular possessor
          singular plural
          nominative bonuksesi bonuksesi
          accusative nom. bonuksesi bonuksesi
          gen. bonuksesi
          genitive bonuksesi bonustesi
          bonuksiesi
          partitive bonustasi bonuksiasi
          inessive bonuksessasi bonuksissasi
          elative bonuksestasi bonuksistasi
          illative bonukseesi bonuksiisi
          adessive bonuksellasi bonuksillasi
          ablative bonukseltasi bonuksiltasi
          allative bonuksellesi bonuksillesi
          essive bonuksenasi bonuksinasi
          translative bonukseksesi bonuksiksesi
          abessive bonuksettasi bonuksittasi
          instructive
          comitative bonuksinesi
          first-person plural possessor
          singular plural
          nominative bonuksemme bonuksemme
          accusative nom. bonuksemme bonuksemme
          gen. bonuksemme
          genitive bonuksemme bonustemme
          bonuksiemme
          partitive bonustamme bonuksiamme
          inessive bonuksessamme bonuksissamme
          elative bonuksestamme bonuksistamme
          illative bonukseemme bonuksiimme
          adessive bonuksellamme bonuksillamme
          ablative bonukseltamme bonuksiltamme
          allative bonuksellemme bonuksillemme
          essive bonuksenamme bonuksinamme
          translative bonukseksemme bonuksiksemme
          abessive bonuksettamme bonuksittamme
          instructive
          comitative bonuksinemme
          second-person plural possessor
          singular plural
          nominative bonuksenne bonuksenne
          accusative nom. bonuksenne bonuksenne
          gen. bonuksenne
          genitive bonuksenne bonustenne
          bonuksienne
          partitive bonustanne bonuksianne
          inessive bonuksessanne bonuksissanne
          elative bonuksestanne bonuksistanne
          illative bonukseenne bonuksiinne
          adessive bonuksellanne bonuksillanne
          ablative bonukseltanne bonuksiltanne
          allative bonuksellenne bonuksillenne
          essive bonuksenanne bonuksinanne
          translative bonukseksenne bonuksiksenne
          abessive bonuksettanne bonuksittanne
          instructive
          comitative bonuksinenne

          Synonyms

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          Derived terms

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          Further reading

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          French

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          Etymology

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            English bonus, from Latin bonus. Compare bon (good), a doublet inherited from the same Latin word.

            Pronunciation

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            Noun

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            bonus m (uncountable)

            1. premium
            2. bonus

            Antonyms

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            Further reading

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            Indonesian

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            Etymology

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              From Dutch bonus, from Latin bonus (good).

              Pronunciation

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              Noun

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              bonus (plural bonus-bonus)

              1. bonus; something extra that is good; an added benefit
              2. bonus; an extra sum given as a premium, e.g. to an employee or to a shareholder
                Synonyms: gratifikasi, insentif

              Derived terms

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              Further reading

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              Italian

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              Etymology

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                Unadapted borrowing from Latin bonus, either through English or influenced by English. Compare the inherited doublet buono (good).

                Pronunciation

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                Noun

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                bonus m (invariable)

                1. a bonus (all senses)

                Latin

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                Etymology

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                  Inherited from Old Latin duonus, from earlier duenos, from Proto-Italic *dwenos, further etymology uncertain. Possibly cognate with beō (to bless, gladden).[1] Possible roots include:

                  Compare the change from duellum to bellum, and from duis to bis.

                  Pronunciation

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                  Adjective

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                  bonus (feminine bona, neuter bonum, comparative melior, superlative optimus or optumus, adverb bene); first/second-declension adjective

                  1. good, honest, brave, noble, kind, pleasant
                    Antonym: malus
                  2. right
                  3. useful
                  4. valid
                  5. healthy
                  6. quality

                  Declension

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                  First/second-declension adjective.

                  Derived terms

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                  Descendants

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                  Noun

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                  bonus m (genitive bonī); second declension

                  1. A good, moral, honest or brave man
                  2. A gentleman

                  Declension

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                  Second-declension noun.

                  References

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                  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “bonus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 70, 73-74

                  Further reading

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                  • bonus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
                  • bonus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
                  • "bonus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
                  • bonus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
                  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book[4], London: Macmillan and Co.
                    • to be robust, vigorous: bonis esse viribus
                    • who gets the advantage from this? who is the interested party: cui bono?
                    • moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
                    • to have good lungs: bonis lateribus esse
                    • to be brave, courageous: bono animo esse
                    • (ambiguous) to possess means, to be well off: rem or opes habere, bona possidere, in bonis esse
                    • to be very rich: opibus, divitiis, bonis, facultatibus abundare
                    • to drive a person out of house and home: evertere aliquem bonis, fortunis patriis
                    • disinherited: exheres paternorum bonorum (De Or. 1. 38. 175)
                    • the aristocracy (as a party in politics): boni cives, optimi, optimates, also simply boni (opp. improbi); illi, qui optimatium causam agunt
                    • justly and equitably: ex aequo et bono (Caecin. 23. 65)
                    • (ambiguous) to meet with good weather: tempestatem idoneam, bonam nancisci
                    • (ambiguous) to enjoy good health: bona (firma, prospera) valetudine esse or uti (vid. sect. VI. 8., note uti...)
                    • (ambiguous) to reward amply; to give manifold recompense for: bonam (praeclaram) gratiam referre
                    • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
                    • (ambiguous) to be gifted, talented (not praeditum esse by itself): bona indole (always in sing.) praeditum esse
                    • (ambiguous) he is a young man of great promise: adulescens alios bene de se sperare iubet, bonam spem ostendit or alii de adulescente bene sperare possunt
                    • (ambiguous) to take a thing in good (bad) part: in bonam (malam) partem accipere aliquid
                    • (ambiguous) to be brave, courageous: bonum animum habere
                    • (ambiguous) to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere
                    • (ambiguous) natural advantages: naturae bona
                    • (ambiguous) to recover one's reason, be reasonable again: ad bonam frugem se recipere
                    • (ambiguous) may heaven's blessing rest on it: quod bonum, faustum, felix, fortunatumque sit! (Div. 1. 45. 102)
                    • (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
                    • (ambiguous) to possess means, to be well off: rem or opes habere, bona possidere, in bonis esse
                    • (ambiguous) to squander all one's property: lacerare bona sua (Verr. 3. 70. 164)
                    • (ambiguous) to confiscate a person's property: bona alicuius publicare (B. G. 5. 54)
                    • (ambiguous) to restore to a person his confiscated property: bona alicui restituere
                    • (ambiguous) allow me to say: bona (cum) venia tua dixerim

                  Norwegian Bokmål

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                  Etymology

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                  Borrowed from English bonus or Latin bonus.

                  Noun

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                  bonus m (definite singular bonusen, indefinite plural bonuser, definite plural bonusene)

                  1. a bonus

                  References

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                  Norwegian Nynorsk

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                  Etymology

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                    Borrowed from English bonus or Latin bonus.

                    Noun

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                    bonus m (definite singular bonusen, indefinite plural bonusar, definite plural bonusane)

                    1. a bonus

                    References

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                    Romanian

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                    Etymology

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                      Borrowed from English bonus, itself from Latin bonus. Doublet of bun (inherited from Latin), bon, and bonă (both borrowed from French).

                      Noun

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                      bonus n (plural bonusuri)

                      1. bonus

                      Declension

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                      singular plural
                      indefinite definite indefinite definite
                      nominative-accusative bonus bonusul bonusuri bonusurile
                      genitive-dative bonus bonusului bonusuri bonusurilor
                      vocative bonusule bonusurilor

                      Spanish

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                      Etymology

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                        Borrowed from English bonus, from Latin bonus. Compare the doublet bueno (good), inherited from the same Latin word.

                        Pronunciation

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                        • IPA(key): /ˈbonus/ [ˈbo.nus]
                        • Rhymes: -onus
                        • Syllabification: bo‧nus

                        Noun

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                        bonus m (plural bonus)

                        1. bonus

                        Further reading

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                        Swedish

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                        Etymology

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                          Borrowed from Latin bonus.

                          Noun

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                          bonus c

                          1. bonus (an extra sum given as a premium)

                          Declension

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                          Further reading

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                          • bonus”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)