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dearg

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish derg, from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).[1]

The verb is from Middle Irish dergaid, from the adjective.[2]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, plural dearga, comparative deirge)

  1. red
  2. live (being in a state of ignition; burning)
  3. extreme, tremendous, utter
    dithneas dearg ― a tearing hurry

Declension

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Declension of dearg
Positive singular plural
masculine feminine strong noun weak noun
nominative dearg dhearg dearga;
dhearga2
vocative dheirg dearga
genitive deirge dearga dearg
dative dearg;
dhearg1 		dhearg;
dheirg (archaic) 		dearga;
dhearga2
Comparative níos deirge
Superlative is deirge

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Synonyms

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  • rua
  • (being in a state of ignition; burning): beo

Derived terms

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Verb

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dearg (present analytic deargann, future analytic deargfaidh, verbal noun deargadh, past participle deargtha)

  1. (transitive) to redden
  2. (transitive) to light (cigarette, pipe, etc.)

Conjugation

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conjugation of dearg (first conjugation – A)
verbal noun deargadh
past participle deargtha
tense singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative
present deargaim deargann tú;
deargair† 		deargann sé, sí deargaimid deargann sibh deargann siad;
deargaid† 		a dheargann; a dheargas /
a ndeargann* 		deargtar
past dhearg mé; dheargas dhearg tú; dheargais dhearg sé, sí dheargamar; dhearg muid dhearg sibh; dheargabhair dhearg siad; dheargadar a dhearg /
ar dhearg* 		deargadh
past habitual dheargainn / ndeargainn‡‡ dheargtá / ndeargtᇇ dheargadh sé, sí / ndeargadh sé, s퇇 dheargaimis; dheargadh muid / ndeargaimis‡‡; ndeargadh muid‡‡ dheargadh sibh / ndeargadh sibh‡‡ dheargaidís; dheargadh siad / ndeargaidís‡‡; ndeargadh siad‡‡ a dheargadh /
a ndeargadh* 		dheargtaí / ndeargta퇇
future deargfaidh mé;
deargfad 		deargfaidh tú;
deargfair† 		deargfaidh sé, sí deargfaimid;
deargfaidh muid 		deargfaidh sibh deargfaidh siad;
deargfaid† 		a dheargfaidh; a dheargfas /
a ndeargfaidh* 		deargfar
conditional dheargfainn / ndeargfainn‡‡ dheargfá / ndeargfᇇ dheargfadh sé, sí / ndeargfadh sé, s퇇 dheargfaimis; dheargfadh muid / ndeargfaimis‡‡; ndeargfadh muid‡‡ dheargfadh sibh / ndeargfadh sibh‡‡ dheargfaidís; dheargfadh siad / ndeargfaidís‡‡; ndeargfadh siad‡‡ a dheargfadh /
a ndeargfadh* 		dheargfaí / ndeargfa퇇
subjunctive
present go ndearga mé;
go ndeargad† 		go ndearga tú;
go ndeargair† 		go ndearga sé, sí go ndeargaimid;
go ndearga muid 		go ndearga sibh go ndearga siad;
go ndeargaid† 		— go ndeargtar
past dá ndeargainn dá ndeargtá dá ndeargadh sé, sí dá ndeargaimis;
dá ndeargadh muid 		dá ndeargadh sibh dá ndeargaidís;
dá ndeargadh siad 		— dá ndeargtaí
imperative
– deargaim dearg deargadh sé, sí deargaimis deargaigí;
deargaidh† 		deargaidís — deargtar

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms

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See also

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Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)
     bán      liath      dubh
             dearg; corcairdhearg              oráiste, flannbhuí; donn              buí; bánbhuí
             líoma-ghlas, glas líoma              glas, uaine              dath an mhiontais
             cian              gormghlas, spéirghorm              gorm
             corcairghorm; indeagó              maigeanta; corcra              bándearg

Mutation

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Mutated forms of dearg
radical lenition eclipsis
dearg dhearg ndearg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “derg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dergaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931), Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 83, page 44
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 138, page 54
  5. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 75
  6. ^ de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1975), The Irish of Cois Fhairrge, Co. Galway: A Phonetic Study, revised edition, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, § 224, page 42

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Old Irish derg,[1] from Proto-Celtic *dergos (“red, crimson”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to dim, darken”); compare Old English deorc (“dark”) and Tocharian A tärkär/B tarkär (“cloud”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dearg m (genitive singular deirg)

  1. red

Adjective

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dearg (genitive singular masculine deirg, genitive singular feminine deirge, nominative plural dearga, comparative deirge)

  1. red
  2. reddish (forming compounds with other colours)
  3. complete, utter (as intensifier)

Declension

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Declension of dearg (type I adjective)
masculine feminine plural
nominative dearg dhearg dearga
genitive dheirg deirge dearga
dative dearg dheirg dearga
vocative dheirg dhearg dearga

Derived terms

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See also

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Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn, geal      glas      dubh
             dearg; ruadh              orains; donn              buidhe; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm
             liath; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh; guirmean              pinc; purpaidh              pinc

Adverb

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dearg

  1. completely, utterly

Verb

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dearg (past dhearg, future deargaidh, verbal noun deargadh)

  1. redden
  2. blush
  3. make an impression
  4. (Benbecula, South Uist) be able to

Mutation

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Mutation of dearg
radical lenition
dearg dhearg

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “derg”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  3. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  4. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966), Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  5. ^ Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN
  6. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941), “The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire”, in A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, volume II, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

Further reading

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911), “dearg”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
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