Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bilībaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bi- +‎ *lībaną, the latter from Proto-Indo-European *leyp-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌbi.ˈliː.βɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bilībaną

1. to stay, to remain in place

Inflection

Conjugation of *bilībaną (strong class 1)

	active voice				passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*bilībō	*bilībaų	—		*bilībai	?
2nd singular	*bilībizi	*bilībaiz	*bilīb		*bilībazai	*bilībaizau
3rd singular	*bilībidi	*bilībai	*bilībadau		*bilībadai	*bilībaidau
1st dual	*bilībōz	*bilībaiw	—		—	—
2nd dual	*bilībadiz	*bilībaidiz	*bilībadiz		—	—
1st plural	*bilībamaz	*bilībaim	—		*bilībandai	*bilībaindau
2nd plural	*bilībid	*bilībaid	*bilībid		*bilībandai	*bilībaindau
3rd plural	*bilībandi	*bilībain	*bilībandau		*bilībandai	*bilībaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*bilaib	*bilibį̄
2nd singular	*bilaift	*bilibīz
3rd singular	*bilaib	*bilibī
1st dual	*bilibū	*bilibīw
2nd dual	*bilibudiz	*bilibīdiz
1st plural	*bilibum	*bilibīm
2nd plural	*bilibud	*bilibīd
3rd plural	*bilibun	*bilibīn
	present	past
participles	*bilībandz	*bilibanaz

Derived terms

• *bilaibijaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *bilīban
  • Old English: belīfan
    • Middle English: beliven
      • English: belive, blive, belave
      • Scots: beleve, beleif
  • Old Frisian: bilīva, blīva
    • North Frisian: bliiw (Föhr-Amrum), bliwe (Mooring), bliiv (Sylt)
    • Saterland Frisian: blieuwe
    • West Frisian: bliuwe
  • Old Saxon: bilīvan, bilīƀan, bilīvian, bilīƀian
    • Middle Low German: blîven
      • Low German: blieven
        • Plautdietsch: bliewen
      • → Faroese: blíva
      • → Norwegian Bokmål: blive, bli
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: blive/bliva, bli
      • → Swedish: bliva, bli
      • → Danish: blive
        • → Icelandic: blífa
  • Old Dutch: blīvan
    • Middle Dutch: bliven
      • Dutch: blijven
        • Afrikaans: bly
        • Javindo: belijf
        • Jersey Dutch: blāive
        • Negerhollands: bliev, blief, bli
      • Limburgish: blieve
      • Zealandic: bluve
  • Old High German: bilīban
    • Middle High German: belīben, blīben
      • Alemannic German: bliibe
      • Cimbrian: bolàiban
      • Central Franconian:

        Kölsch: blieve

        Hunsrik: bleive

        Luxembourgish: bleiwen

      • German: bleiben
      • Vilamovian: błajn
      • Yiddish: בלײַבן (blaybn)
• Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (bileiban)