Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grēwaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Probably from a Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₁- (“to glow, be visible”), and cognate with Proto-Slavic *zьrěti (“to observe, look at”), Lithuanian žėrė́ti (“to shine, sparkle”), and Proto-Germanic *greujaną (“to dawn”) (whence Swedish gry (“to dawn”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɣrɛː.wɑz/

Adjective

*grēwaz

1. grey

   Synonym: *grīsaz

Inflection

Declension of *grēwaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grēwaz	*grēwō	*grēwą, -atō		*grēwai	*grēwôz	*grēwō
accusative	*grēwanǭ	*grēwǭ	*grēwą, -atō		*grēwanz	*grēwōz	*grēwō
genitive	*grēwas, -is	*grēwaizōz	*grēwas, -is		*grēwaizǫ̂	*grēwaizǫ̂	*grēwaizǫ̂
dative	*grēwammai	*grēwaizōi	*grēwammai		*grēwaimaz	*grēwaimaz	*grēwaimaz
instrumental	*grēwanō	*grēwaizō	*grēwanō		*grēwaimiz	*grēwaimiz	*grēwaimiz
Weak declension
	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*grēwô	*grēwǭ	*grēwô		*grēwaniz	*grēwōniz	*grēwōnō
accusative	*grēwanų	*grēwōnų	*grēwô		*grēwanunz	*grēwōnunz	*grēwōnō
genitive	*grēwiniz	*grēwōniz	*grēwiniz		*grēwanǫ̂	*grēwōnǫ̂	*grēwanǫ̂
dative	*grēwini	*grēwōni	*grēwini		*grēwammaz	*grēwōmaz	*grēwammaz
instrumental	*grēwinē	*grēwōnē	*grēwinē		*grēwammiz	*grēwōmiz	*grēwammiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *grāu
  • Old English: grǣġ, grēi, grēġ — Anglian
    • Middle English: grey
      • English: gray, grey
      • Scots: gray
      • Yola: gry
  • Old Frisian: grē
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr, Wiedingharde: grä

      Hallig: grai

      Mooring: gra

  • Old Saxon: grāo
    • Middle Low German: grāu
      • Low German:
        • German Low German: grag, grau

          Plautdietsch: greiw

      • → West Frisian: grauw
  • Old Dutch: grāo
    • Middle Dutch: grau
      • Dutch: grauw, graauw, graeuw (obsolete)
        • Afrikaans: grou
        • Jersey Dutch: xrāuje, grô
        • Negerhollands: grou
  • Old High German: grāo
    • Middle High German: grā
      • Alemannic German: graaw
      • Bavarian: grau

        Gottscheerish: grūb

      • Central Franconian:

        Hunsrik: grau

        Luxembourgish: gro

      • East Central German:

        Vilamovian: graoj

      • East Franconian:
      • German: grau
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Frankfurterisch: IPA [kʀoː], (newer, from about 1925) [kʀau]

        Pennsylvania German: gro

      • Yiddish: גראָ (gro), גרוי (groy)
• Old Norse: grár
  • Icelandic: grár
  • Faroese: gráur
  • Norn: grå, grågi
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: grå; (dialectal) grår, grår’e, grå’u
  • Old Swedish: grār
    • Swedish: grå
  • Danish: grå
    • Norwegian Bokmål: grå
  • Gutnish: graar, grar, gra, graur
• → Proto-Samic: *krāvēs (see there for further descendants)
• →? Proto-Finnic: *raavas (see there for further descendants)

See also

Colors in Proto-Germanic · *farwôz (layout · text)

*blaikaz, *blankaz, *hwītaz, *blasaz	*falwaz, *grēwaz, *haswaz, *grīsaz, *hairaz	*blakaz, *swartaz
*raudaz	*brūnaz, *erpaz, *dusnaz	*gelwaz, *gulaz
*grōniz	*grōniz
	*blēwaz	*blēwaz, *hēwijaz
*blēwaz, *hēwijaz	*baswaz