Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nabōgaizaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *nabō (“nave”) +‎ *gaizaz (“spear”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnɑ.βɔːˌɣɑi̯.zɑz/

Noun

*nabōgaizaz m

1. auger

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *nabōgaizaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*nabōgaizaz	*nabōgaizōz, *nabōgaizōs
vocative	*nabōgaiz	*nabōgaizōz, *nabōgaizōs
accusative	*nabōgaizą	*nabōgaizanz
genitive	*nabōgaizas, *nabōgaizis	*nabōgaizǫ̂
dative	*nabōgaizai	*nabōgaizamaz
instrumental	*nabōgaizō	*nabōgaizamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *nabugaiʀ
  • Old English: nafugār, nafogār, nafegār
    • Middle English: nauger, auger
      • English: auger
  • Old Frisian: navoger
  • Old Saxon: navugēr, nabugēr
    • Middle Low German: neveger, eveger, never
      • Low German: naviger, näviger
      • Plautdietsch: Auger
  • Old Dutch: *navugēr
    • Middle Dutch: nāvegêer, nāveger, nāvegāer, āvegêer
      • Dutch: avegaar, eveger, egger
  • Old High German: nabagēr, nabigēr, nabugēr
    • Middle High German: nabeger, nebeger
      • German: Näber
      • Vilamovian: nȧgwer
  • → Proto-Slavic: *nebozězъ, *nabozězъ
• Proto-Norse: *ᚾᚨᛒᛟᚷᚨᛁᛉᚨᛉ (*nabogaiʀaʀ)
  • Old Norse: nafarr
    • Icelandic: nafar
    • Faroese: navar, navari
    • Norn: naver
    • Norwegian:
      • Norwegian Bokmål: navar
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: navar
    • Elfdalian: nåvår
    • Old Swedish: navar
      • Swedish: navar, naver, navare
    • Old Danish: nauer
      • Danish: naver, navr, naur, navre, naure, nav, nave, nager
    • Gutnish: navare
    • → Old French: nafrer, navrer
      • Middle French: navrer
        • French: navrer
  • → Finnic:
    • Finnish: napakaira

Further reading

• Pronk-Tiethoff, Saskia E. (2013) The Germanic loanwords in Proto-Slavic‎^[1], Amsterdam - New York: Rodopi, →ISBN