Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ubiri

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *uber

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *upéri, from *upér (ultimately from *upo + *-i).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈu.βi.ri/

Preposition

*ubiri

1. (with accusative) over (moving across)
2. (with dative) over, above (positioned above)

Adverb

*ubiri

1. over, above

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *ubiri
  • (Old English: yferra (adjective))
  • Old Saxon: *uƀiri
    • Middle Low German: ȫver
      • Low German: över, äver; (Westphalian) üever, (merged with *obar) üöver, öaver
  • Old Dutch: *uviri
    • Middle Dutch: *uever (Limburg; generally spelt over)
      • Limburgish: euver, övver, uever
  • Old High German: ubari, ubir, ubiri, ubere, uviri
    • Middle High German: über; (Central Franconian) üver, över
      • Alemannic German: über
      • Bavarian: iber
        • Cimbrian: übar
        • Mòcheno: iber
      • Central Franconian: üvver, iwwer
        • Hunsrik: iwer
        • Luxembourgish: iwwer
      • German: über
        • → English: uber
        • → Serbo-Croatian: iber
      • Yiddish: איבער (iber)
• Old Norse: yfir
  • Icelandic: yfir
  • Faroese: yvir
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: yver, yvi; ivi, øve (dialectal)
  • Old Danish: ofær
    • Danish: over
      • Norwegian Bokmål: over
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: over
  • Old Swedish: yvir, ivir, over
    • Swedish: över; öv (dialectal)
  • Gutnish: yfvar, yfver
  • Elfdalian: yvyr