Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰmṓ
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The initial *dʰ is regularly dropped in such a cluster (compare e.g. *ḱm̥tóm (“hundred”) < */dḱmtóm/, a derivative of *déḱm̥ (“ten”)).
Noun
[edit]*ǵʰmṓ m (Lindeman variant: *ǵʰm̥mṓ m)
Declension
[edit]| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *ǵʰémō | ||
| genitive | *ǵʰm̥nés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *ǵʰémō | *ǵʰémonh₁(e) | *ǵʰémones |
| vocative | *ǵʰémon | *ǵʰémonh₁(e) | *ǵʰémones |
| accusative | *ǵʰémonm̥ | *ǵʰémonh₁(e) | *ǵʰémonm̥s |
| genitive | *ǵʰm̥nés | *? | *ǵʰm̥nóHom |
| ablative | *ǵʰm̥nés | *? | *ǵʰmnmós, *ǵʰmnbʰós |
| dative | *ǵʰm̥néy | *? | *ǵʰmnmós, *ǵʰmnbʰós |
| locative | *ǵʰmén, *ǵʰméni | *? | *ǵʰmnsú |
| instrumental | *ǵʰm̥néh₁ | *? | *ǵʰmnmís, *ǵʰmnbʰís |
Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źmṓ[6][7]
- Old Lithuanian: žmuõ, žmuõj
- Old Prussian: smoy, smonenawins, smūnets
- Proto-Germanic: *gumô (< *ǵʰm̥mṓ)[1][8] (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *hemō (< *ǵʰm̥mṓ)[2] (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 195
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “homō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 287-288
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2011) Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction, 2nd edition, revised and corrected by Michiel de Vaan, Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 66
- ^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, first edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 64
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 41
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 521–522
- ^ Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997) “smoy”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological dictionary of Old Prussian][2] (in Lithuanian), Vilnius
- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[3], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 280