Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰébʰōl
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Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain,[2] but seemingly from *gʰebʰ- (“to give; to take?”) + *-ōl / *-l̥. Similar in formation to the synonym *káp-ōl, which likewise may be from *kap- (“to seize”), a sound-symbolic “chiming root” to *gʰebʰ-.
Noun
[edit]*gʰébʰōl m or f [1]
Inflection
[edit]Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *gʰébʰōl | ||
genitive | *gʰbʰlés | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *gʰébʰōl | *gʰébʰolh₁(e) | *gʰébʰoles |
vocative | *gʰébʰol | *gʰébʰolh₁(e) | *gʰébʰoles |
accusative | *gʰébʰolm̥ | *gʰébʰolh₁(e) | *gʰébʰolm̥s |
genitive | *gʰbʰlés | *? | *gʰbʰlóHom |
ablative | *gʰbʰlés | *? | *gʰbʰl̥mós |
dative | *gʰbʰléy | *? | *gʰbʰl̥mós |
locative | *gʰbʰél, *gʰbʰéli | *? | *gʰbʰl̥sú |
instrumental | *gʰbʰléh₁ | *? | *gʰbʰl̥mís |
Reconstruction notes
[edit]Root-final *h₂ may be assumed to account for Greek a, but this is unnecessary[1] (compare Ancient Greek ὀμφαλός (omphalós) < *h₃m̥bʰ-l̥-ós).
According to Kroonen, the Germanic forms with root vowel *a may reflect an o-grade accusative singular *gʰobʰélm̥.[1]
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Germanic: *gebla-, *gabla- m (“head; top, summit; gable”)[1]
- (pre-)Proto-Hellenic: *kʰépʰəl
- Proto-Tocharian: *ćäpāl(ä) n (“head”)[3]
- Unknown:
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gebla(n)- ~ *gabla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 173
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κεφαλή”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 682–683
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “לpāl*”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 703
Categories:
- Proto-Indo-European terms with unknown etymologies
- Proto-Indo-European terms suffixed with *-ōl
- Proto-Indo-European sound-symbolic terms
- Proto-Indo-European lemmas
- Proto-Indo-European nouns
- Proto-Indo-European masculine nouns
- Proto-Indo-European feminine nouns
- Proto-Indo-European nouns with multiple genders
- ine-pro:Body parts
- Proto-Indo-European amphikinetic r-stem nouns