Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éḱmō

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”) +‎ *-mō (agentive nominal suffix), referring to the cutting sharpness of stone.

Noun

*h₂éḱmō m

1. stone
2. (figurative) heaven, the heavenly vault

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*h₂éḱmō
genitive	*h₂ḱnés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*h₂éḱmō	*h₂éḱmonh₁(e)	*h₂éḱmones
vocative	*h₂éḱmon	*h₂éḱmonh₁(e)	*h₂éḱmones
accusative	*h₂éḱmonm̥	*h₂éḱmonh₁(e)	*h₂éḱmonm̥s
genitive	*h₂ḱnés	*?	*h₂ḱnóHom
ablative	*h₂ḱnés	*?	*h₂ḱn̥mós, *h₂ḱn̥bʰós
dative	*h₂ḱnéy	*?	*h₂ḱn̥mós, *h₂ḱn̥bʰós
locative	*h₂ḱmén, *h₂ḱméni	*?	*h₂ḱn̥sú
instrumental	*h₂ḱnéh₁	*?	*h₂ḱn̥mís, *h₂ḱn̥bʰís

Alternative reconstructions

• *h₄éḱmō

Derived terms

• >? *h₂eḱm-o-ro-s
  • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kā́ˀmaras (possibly, metathesized from *akmaras)
    • Proto-Slavic: *kamorъ
      • Polish: kamor
  • Proto-Germanic: *hamaraz (perhaps from metathesized *ḱeh₂moros) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Haćmarás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Haśmarás
      • Sanskrit अश्मर (aśmará, “stony”)

Descendants

• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ákmō, *kā́ˀmō (see there for further descendants)
• >? Proto-Germanic: *himinaz (from a metathesized *h₂ḱémō) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: ἄκμων (ákmōn, “anvil, pestle, battering ram”)
    • Greek: άκμων (ákmon), άκμονας (ákmonas), ⇒ αμόνι (amóni) (from the diminutive)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háćmā (see there for further descendants)