Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/mā́Hah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *mā́Has, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s.

Noun

*mā́Hah m

1. moon
2. month

Inflection

consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*mā́Hah	*mā́Hahā(w)	*mā́Hahah
vocative	*mā́Hah	*mā́Hahā(w)	*mā́Hahah
accusative	*mā́Haham	*mā́Hahā(w)	*máHahah
instrumental	*máHahaH	*máHahbʰyā(m)	*máHahbʰiš
ablative	*máHahah	*máHahbʰyā(m)	*máHahbʰyaH
dative	*máHahay	*máHahbʰyā(m)	*máHahbʰyaH
genitive	*máHahah	*máHahHāh	*máHahaHam
locative	*mā́Hahi	*máHahHaw	*máHahu

Derived terms

• *mā́Hhtáwbah (“moonlight”)
  • East Central Iranian:
    • Ormuri: [script needed] (mātau)
    • Yaghnobi: маҳтоб (mahtob)
  • Southwest Iranian:
    • Kumzari: [script needed] (mētāw)
    • Persian: مهتاب (mahtâb)

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬨𐬃 (mā̊), 𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵 (måŋh, “month, moon”), 𐬨𐬃𐬢𐬵 (mā̊ŋh), 𐬨𐬂𐬢𐬵𐬀 (måŋha, “moon”)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Ossetian:

    Digor Ossetian: мӕйӕ (mæjæ)

    Iron Ossetian: мӕй (mæj)

  • Saka:
    • Khotanese: 𑀫𑀆𑀲𑀢𑀅 (maāsataa /⁠māstä⁠/)
    • Wakhi: mы̄y
  • Sogdo-Bactrian:
    • Bactrian:

      Greek: μαο (mao /⁠mā⁠/), μαυο (mauo /⁠māh⁠/)

    • Sogdic: [script needed] (*mą̄́h)
      • Sogdian: (/⁠māx⁠/)

        Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫀𐫟 (mʾx)

        Sogdian script: 𐼺𐼰𐼲𐼳 (mʾɣh), 𐼺𐼰𐼲 (mʾɣ), 𐼺𐼰𐼶 (mʾx)

        Syriac script: ܡܐݎ (mʾx)

      • Yaghnobi: маҳтоб (mahtob)
• Southeastern Iranian:
  • Parachi: mahȫk
  • Pashto: مياشت (myāšt)
  • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (mā)
  • Shugni-Yazghulami:
    • Shugni-Roshani
      • Sarikoli: most
      • Shughni: ме̂ст (mêst), (Khufi, Rushani) мест (mēst)
    • Yazghulami: маст (mast)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Kurdish:
    • Northern Kurdish: meh (“month”)
    • Central Kurdish: مانگ (mang, “month, moon”)
    • Southern Kurdish: مانگ (mang, “month, moon”)
    • Laki: مونگ (mung, “month, moon”)
  • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
    • Mazanderani: مونگ (mong)
    • Old Azari: مانک (mānak ~ mānk/g)
    • Parthian: 𐫖𐫀𐫆 (mʾẖ /⁠māh⁠/)
    • Zaza-Gurani:
      • Gurani: مانگه (mānga, “month, moon”)
      • Zazaki: menge (“month”)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: 𐎶𐎠𐏃 (m-a-h /⁠māhaʰ⁠⁠/)
    • Middle Persian:

      Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫀𐫆 (mʾẖ)

      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mʾh)

      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭡𐭩𐭥𐭧 (BYRH), 𐫖𐫀𐫆 (mʾẖ) — Manichaean

      • Classical Persian: مَاه (māh), مه (mah) (poetic)
        • → Gujarati: માહ (māh)
        • → Hindustani:

          Hindi: माह (māh)

          Urdu: مَاہ (māh)

• → Old Armenian: մահիկ (mahik)