Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ēd

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

Shows clear influence from the o-stem masculine ablative singular ending -ōd, and possibly the adverb suffix could be an ablaut variant thereof. Alternatively, it might be possible to derive the suffix from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₁ (instrumental ending) with the -d secondarily gained via the influence of the ablative ending.

Suffix

*-ēd

1. forms adverbs from o/ā-stem adjectives: -ly

   ‎*proβos (“correct”) + ‎*-ēd → ‎*proβēd (“correctly”)

Descendants

• Latino-Faliscan:
  • Latin: -ēd (Old Latin), -ē (Classical Latin)
• Osco-Umbrian:
  • Oscan: -id
  • Umbrian: -𐌄 (-e)