-id

See also: Appendix:Variations of "id"

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪd/

Etymology 1

Variant of -oid.

Suffix

-id

1. (not productive except in zoology) of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.

   ‎Europe + ‎-id → ‎Europid

   ‎negro + ‎-id → ‎negrid

   Synonyms: -al, -an, -ar, -ese, -ic, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y

Etymology 2

From Middle French -ide (like also English -ide), French -ide, and their sources, Latin -id-, -is and Ancient Greek -ῐδ- (-id-), -ῐς (-is).

Suffix

-id

1. (botany) Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources.
2. (astronomy) Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.

   The Perseid meteor shower's radiant is in the constellation of Perseus.

3. (zoology) Forming common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.

   A felid is a member of Felidae.

4. (dentistry, paleontology) Forming names of dental features found in lower (mandibular) teeth.

   ‎protocone (“cusp of an upper molar”) + ‎-id → ‎protoconid (“equivalent for lower molars”)

5. (historical) Forming the names of certain dynasties of Asia and Africa, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning "descendant(s) of".

   Solomon → Solomonid, Umayya → Umayyad, Idris → Idrisid, Genghis Khan → Genghisid, Ismail Safavi → Safavid

See also

English terms suffixed with -id

Anagrams

• DI, Di, dI, di, di-

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [id]
• Rhymes: -id

Etymology 1

-i (possessive plural) +‎ -d (second-person singular personal suffix)

Suffix

-id

1. (possessive suffix) your ... -s (second-person singular informal, multiple possessions)

   ‎kapu (“gate”) + ‎-id → ‎a kapuid (“your gates”)

   ‎palota (“palace”) + ‎-id → ‎a palotáid (“your palaces”)

   ‎érme (“coin”) + ‎-id → ‎az érméid (“your coins”)

Usage notes

• (possessive suffix) Variants:

  -id is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -aid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -eid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant

  -jaid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

  -jeid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

Declension

For back vowel words:

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-id	—
accusative	-idat	—
dative	-idnak	—
instrumental	-iddal	—
causal-final	-idért	—
translative	-iddá	—
terminative	-idig	—
essive-formal	-idként	—
essive-modal	-idul	—
inessive	-idban	—
superessive	-idon	—
adessive	-idnál	—
illative	-idba	—
sublative	-idra	—
allative	-idhoz	—
elative	-idból	—
delative	-idról	—
ablative	-idtól	—
non-attributive possessive - singular	-idé	—
non-attributive possessive - plural	-idéi	—

For front vowel words:

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-id	—
accusative	-idet	—
dative	-idnek	—
instrumental	-iddel	—
causal-final	-idért	—
translative	-iddé	—
terminative	-idig	—
essive-formal	-idként	—
essive-modal	-idül	—
inessive	-idben	—
superessive	-iden	—
adessive	-idnél	—
illative	-idbe	—
sublative	-idre	—
allative	-idhez	—
elative	-idből	—
delative	-idről	—
ablative	-idtől	—
non-attributive possessive - singular	-idé	—
non-attributive possessive - plural	-idéi	—

Etymology 2

Suffix

-id

1. (chemistry) -ide (indicating a binary compound)

Derived terms

Hungarian nouns suffixed with -id

See also

• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes

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Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish -id, from Proto-Celtic *-īti from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.

Suffix

-id m

2. Agent suffix

   ‎slane (“whole, entire”) + ‎-id → ‎slanid (“entirety, totality”)

Derived terms

Manx terms suffixed with -id

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Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *-jtē, originally the partitive/ablative plural form. Cognate with the Finnish partitive plural -ja, -ia, -ita.

The genitive plural originally had the ending -i, from Proto-Samic *-j. It was eliminated in favour of the accusative ending by analogy with the singular, where these cases fell together naturally.

Suffix

-id

1. The ending of the accusative and genitive plural.

Usage notes

• This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

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Ojibwe

Suffix

-id

1. A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta)

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Old Irish

Alternative forms

• -aid (broad variant)
• -ith

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iðʲ/

Suffix

-id m

1. Forms a noun of agency.

   from verb or verbal noun

   ‎serc (“love”) + ‎-id → ‎sercaid (“lover”)

   from noun

   ‎mucc (“pig”) + ‎-id → ‎muccaid (“swineherd”)

   ‎ainmm (“name”) + ‎-id → ‎ainmmnid (“nominative case”) = "namer"

Usage notes

• This suffix forms i-stem nouns.

Inflection

Slender declension:

Masculine i-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-id	-idL	-idiH
Vocative	-id	-idL	-idiH
Accusative	-idN	-idL	-idiH
Genitive	-edoH, -edaH	-edoH, -edaH	-ideN
Dative	-idL	-idib	-idib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Broad declension:

Masculine i-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	-id	-idL	-idiH
Vocative	-id	-idL	-idiH
Accusative	-idN	-idL	-idiH
Genitive	-adoH, -adaH	-adoH, -adaH	-ideN
Dative	-idL	-idib	-idib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Old Irish terms suffixed with -id

Descendants

• Irish: -aí
• Manx: -id

References

• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003)D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 267

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Polish

Alternative forms

• -ida

Etymology

From Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /it/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -it
• Syllabification: id

Suffix

-id m

1. -ide

   ‎amoniak + ‎-id → ‎amid

Declension

Declension of -id

	singular	plural
nominative	-id	-idy
genitive	-idu	-idów
dative	-idowi	-idom
accusative	-id	-idy
instrumental	-idem	-idami
locative	-idzie	-idach
vocative	-idzie	-idy

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -id

Further reading

• -id in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• -id in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Spanish

Etymology

From Latin -īte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of fourth conjugation verbs).

Suffix

-id

1. used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -ir verbs

   ‎venir (“to come”) + ‎-id → ‎¡Venid! (“Come!”)

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Volapük

Suffix

-id

1. Forms an ordinal number (adjective) from a cardinal number.

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Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɪd/

Etymology 1

Suffix

-id

1. forming abstract nouns, -ness, -ment

   ‎cadarn (“strong, robust, sturdy”) + ‎-id → ‎cadernid (“strength, robustness, sturdiness”)

   ‎rhydd (“free”) + ‎-id → ‎rhyddid (“freedom”)

Usage notes

-i causes i-affection of internal vowels.

Etymology 2

Suffix

-id

1. (literary) verb suffix for the impersonal imperfect/conditional

Usage notes

-id causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, ‎canu (“to sing”) + ‎-id → ‎cenid (“was being sung, one was singing, would sing, one would sing”).

Derived terms

Welsh terms suffixed with -id