kapu

See also: Kapu and kəpu

English

Etymology

From Hawaiian kapu, from Proto-Polynesian *tapu, from Proto-Oceanic *tabu, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *tambu. Doublet of taboo.

Noun

kapu (plural kapu or kapus)

1. Taboo, especially in Hawaiian contexts.
   • 2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society, published 2011, page 43:

     The operation of taboos – or kapu – kept society ordered, quite cruelly on occasion.

Anagrams

• Kaup, puka

'Are'are

Noun

kapu

1. cup

References

• Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑpu/, [ˈkɑ̝pu]
• Rhymes: -ɑpu
• Syllabification^(key): ka‧pu
• Hyphenation^(key): ka‧pu

Etymology 1

Clipping of kapteeni +‎ -u.

Noun

kapu (colloquial)

1. captain (such as a captain of a ship)

Declension

Inflection of kapu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		kapu	kaput
genitive		kapun	kapujen
partitive		kapua	kapuja
illative		kapuun	kapuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kapu	kaput
accusative	nom.	kapu	kaput
	gen.	kapun
genitive		kapun	kapujen
partitive		kapua	kapuja
inessive		kapussa	kapuissa
elative		kapusta	kapuista
illative		kapuun	kapuihin
adessive		kapulla	kapuilla
ablative		kapulta	kapuilta
allative		kapulle	kapuille
essive		kapuna	kapuina
translative		kapuksi	kapuiksi
abessive		kaputta	kapuitta
instructive		—	kapuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kapu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kapuni kapuni accusative nom. kapuni kapuni gen. kapuni genitive kapuni kapujeni partitive kapuani kapujani inessive kapussani kapuissani elative kapustani kapuistani illative kapuuni kapuihini adessive kapullani kapuillani ablative kapultani kapuiltani allative kapulleni kapuilleni essive kapunani kapuinani translative kapukseni kapuikseni abessive kaputtani kapuittani instructive — — comitative — kapuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kapusi kapusi accusative nom. kapusi kapusi gen. kapusi genitive kapusi kapujesi partitive kapuasi kapujasi inessive kapussasi kapuissasi elative kapustasi kapuistasi illative kapuusi kapuihisi adessive kapullasi kapuillasi ablative kapultasi kapuiltasi allative kapullesi kapuillesi essive kapunasi kapuinasi translative kapuksesi kapuiksesi abessive kaputtasi kapuittasi instructive — — comitative — kapuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kapumme kapumme accusative nom. kapumme kapumme gen. kapumme genitive kapumme kapujemme partitive kapuamme kapujamme inessive kapussamme kapuissamme elative kapustamme kapuistamme illative kapuumme kapuihimme adessive kapullamme kapuillamme ablative kapultamme kapuiltamme allative kapullemme kapuillemme essive kapunamme kapuinamme translative kapuksemme kapuiksemme abessive kaputtamme kapuittamme instructive — — comitative — kapuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kapunne kapunne accusative nom. kapunne kapunne gen. kapunne genitive kapunne kapujenne partitive kapuanne kapujanne inessive kapussanne kapuissanne elative kapustanne kapuistanne illative kapuunne kapuihinne adessive kapullanne kapuillanne ablative kapultanne kapuiltanne allative kapullenne kapuillenne essive kapunanne kapuinanne translative kapuksenne kapuiksenne abessive kaputtanne kapuittanne instructive — — comitative — kapuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kapunsa kapunsa accusative nom. kapunsa kapunsa gen. kapunsa genitive kapunsa kapujensa partitive kapuaan kapuansa kapujaan kapujansa inessive kapussaan kapussansa kapuissaan kapuissansa elative kapustaan kapustansa kapuistaan kapuistansa illative kapuunsa kapuihinsa adessive kapullaan kapullansa kapuillaan kapuillansa ablative kapultaan kapultansa kapuiltaan kapuiltansa allative kapulleen kapullensa kapuilleen kapuillensa essive kapunaan kapunansa kapuinaan kapuinansa translative kapukseen kapuksensa kapuikseen kapuiksensa abessive kaputtaan kaputtansa kapuittaan kapuittansa instructive — — comitative — kapuineen kapuinensa

Synonyms

• kapteeni

Etymology 2

Possibly from dialectal Swedish kabb, but compare also kapista and kapula.

Noun

kapu (dialectal, Tavastia, Ostrobothnia, Kymenlaakso, Central Finland)

1. (wooden) pin

Declension

Inflection of kapu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
nominative		kapu	kavut
genitive		kavun	kapujen
partitive		kapua	kapuja
illative		kapuun	kapuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kapu	kavut
accusative	nom.	kapu	kavut
	gen.	kavun
genitive		kavun	kapujen
partitive		kapua	kapuja
inessive		kavussa	kavuissa
elative		kavusta	kavuista
illative		kapuun	kapuihin
adessive		kavulla	kavuilla
ablative		kavulta	kavuilta
allative		kavulle	kavuille
essive		kapuna	kapuina
translative		kavuksi	kavuiksi
abessive		kavutta	kavuitta
instructive		—	kavuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kapu (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kapuni kapuni accusative nom. kapuni kapuni gen. kapuni genitive kapuni kapujeni partitive kapuani kapujani inessive kavussani kavuissani elative kavustani kavuistani illative kapuuni kapuihini adessive kavullani kavuillani ablative kavultani kavuiltani allative kavulleni kavuilleni essive kapunani kapuinani translative kavukseni kavuikseni abessive kavuttani kavuittani instructive — — comitative — kapuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kapusi kapusi accusative nom. kapusi kapusi gen. kapusi genitive kapusi kapujesi partitive kapuasi kapujasi inessive kavussasi kavuissasi elative kavustasi kavuistasi illative kapuusi kapuihisi adessive kavullasi kavuillasi ablative kavultasi kavuiltasi allative kavullesi kavuillesi essive kapunasi kapuinasi translative kavuksesi kavuiksesi abessive kavuttasi kavuittasi instructive — — comitative — kapuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kapumme kapumme accusative nom. kapumme kapumme gen. kapumme genitive kapumme kapujemme partitive kapuamme kapujamme inessive kavussamme kavuissamme elative kavustamme kavuistamme illative kapuumme kapuihimme adessive kavullamme kavuillamme ablative kavultamme kavuiltamme allative kavullemme kavuillemme essive kapunamme kapuinamme translative kavuksemme kavuiksemme abessive kavuttamme kavuittamme instructive — — comitative — kapuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kapunne kapunne accusative nom. kapunne kapunne gen. kapunne genitive kapunne kapujenne partitive kapuanne kapujanne inessive kavussanne kavuissanne elative kavustanne kavuistanne illative kapuunne kapuihinne adessive kavullanne kavuillanne ablative kavultanne kavuiltanne allative kavullenne kavuillenne essive kapunanne kapuinanne translative kavuksenne kavuiksenne abessive kavuttanne kavuittanne instructive — — comitative — kapuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kapunsa kapunsa accusative nom. kapunsa kapunsa gen. kapunsa genitive kapunsa kapujensa partitive kapuaan kapuansa kapujaan kapujansa inessive kavussaan kavussansa kavuissaan kavuissansa elative kavustaan kavustansa kavuistaan kavuistansa illative kapuunsa kapuihinsa adessive kavullaan kavullansa kavuillaan kavuillansa ablative kavultaan kavultansa kavuiltaan kavuiltansa allative kavulleen kavullensa kavuilleen kavuillensa essive kapunaan kapunansa kapuinaan kapuinansa translative kavukseen kavuksensa kavuikseen kavuiksensa abessive kavuttaan kavuttansa kavuittaan kavuittansa instructive — — comitative — kapuineen kapuinensa

Anagrams

• paku

Gagauz

Etymology

Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish قَاپُو (qapu), from Proto-Turkic *kap-ïg, a Proto-Turkic *kap-. The irregular preservation of the final /u/ is unexplained. By surface analysis, kapa- +‎ -u. Compare Turkish kapı, Azerbaijani qapı.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑˈpu/
• Hyphenation: ka‧pu

Noun

kapu (definite accusative kapuyu, plural kapular)

1. door, gate

   aç kapuyu!

   open the door

Derived terms

• kapucu

Related terms

• kap
• kapak
• kapalı
• kapamaa
• kapan
• kapıcı

Further reading

• Mavrodi M. F., editor (2019), Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 1-4, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 46
• Kopuşçu M. İ., Todorova S. A., Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 92

Hawaiian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *tapu, from Proto-Oceanic *tabu, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *tambu. Cognate with Māori tapu.

Noun

kapu

1. taboo, prohibition
2. something sacred or holy, and thus prohibited or forbidden to most

Descendants

• → English: kapu

Verb

kapu

1. (stative) to be prohibited; to be consecrated, to be holy

Derived terms

• hoʻokapu: to make something taboo; to consecrate, to make holy

Related terms

• kapuahi (“fireplace”)

Etymology 2

Borrowing from English tub.

Noun

kapu

1. a tub

Derived terms

• kapu ʻauʻau (“bathtub”)

Etymology 3

Borrowing from English cap.

Noun

kapu

1. a cap

Derived terms

• pāpale kapu (“cap”, literally “cap hat”)

Hungarian

kapu

Etymology

From a Turkic language, compare Old Turkic kapug, Ottoman Turkish قاپو (kapu, “gate”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkɒpu]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ka‧pu
• Rhymes: -pu

Noun

kapu (plural kapuk)

1. gate, entrance, (street) door
2. (sports) goal

kapu

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	kapu	kapuk
accusative	kaput	kapukat
dative	kapunak	kapuknak
instrumental	kapuval	kapukkal
causal-final	kapuért	kapukért
translative	kapuvá	kapukká
terminative	kapuig	kapukig
essive-formal	kapuként	kapukként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	kapuban	kapukban
superessive	kapun	kapukon
adessive	kapunál	kapuknál
illative	kapuba	kapukba
sublative	kapura	kapukra
allative	kapuhoz	kapukhoz
elative	kapuból	kapukból
delative	kapuról	kapukról
ablative	kaputól	kapuktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	kapué	kapuké
non-attributive possessive – plural	kapuéi	kapukéi

Possessive forms of kapu

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	kapum	kapuim
2nd person sing.	kapud	kapuid
3rd person sing.	kapuja	kapui
1st person plural	kapunk	kapuink
2nd person plural	kaputok	kapuitok
3rd person plural	kapujuk	kapuik

Derived terms

• kapus

Compound words

• gyomorkapu
• kapudrog
• kaputelefon
• kiskapu
• májkapu
• ügyfélkapu

Expressions

• bámul, mint borjú az új kapura
• nyitott kapukat dönget

Further reading

• kapu in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Japanese

Romanization

kapu

1. Rōmaji transcription of カプ

Kari'na

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *kapu; compare Apalaí kapu, Trió kapu, Wayana kapu, Ye'kwana kaju, Waiwai ka', Akawaio ka', Macushi ka', Pemon ka', Yao (South America) capou.

Pronunciation

• (Venezuela, West Suriname) IPA^(key): [kaːpu]
• (East Suriname) IPA^(key): [kaʔpu]

Noun

kapu (possessed kapuru)

1. sky
2. heaven, mythological residence of God (tamusi) and certain benevolent spirits in the sky
3. clouds collectively

References

• Courtz, Hendrik (2008), A Carib grammar and dictionary‎^[2], Toronto: Magoria Books, →ISBN, page 291
• Ahlbrinck, Willem (1931), “kapu”, in Encyclopaedie der Karaïben, Amsterdam: Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, page 206; republished as Willem Ahlbrinck, Doude van Herwijnen, transl., L'Encyclopédie des Caraïbes‎^[3], Paris, 1956, page 199

Laboya

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkaːpu]

Noun

kapu

1. lime

References

• Allahverdi Verdizade (2019), “kapu”, in Lamboya word list‎^[4], Leiden: LexiRumah

Latvian

Noun

kapu m

1. inflection of kaps:
   1. accusative/instrumental singular
   2. genitive plural
2. genitive plural of kapi

Lithuanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɐˈpʊ/

Noun

kapù

1. instrumental singular of kapas

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈka.pu/
• Rhymes: -apu
• Syllabification: ka‧pu

Noun

kapu

1. accusative/instrumental singular of kapa

Māori

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *kabu (“cup, ladle” – compare with Tahitian ʻapu “cavity, shell [of gourds etc.]”, Samoan ʻapu and Tongan kapu “receptacle from rolled up leaf”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kabuq (“ladle, dipper” – compare with Cebuano kabo).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkapu/ [ˈkɐpʉ]

Noun

kapu

1. scoop, ladle

   Synonyms: koko, tīkoko

2. palm of one's hand
3. instep of one's foot

Verb

kapu

1. to ladle, to scoop up

   Synonyms: koko, tīkoko

Derived terms

• kakapu
• kapukapu
• kapunga

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917), “kapu”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 114
• “kapu” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

kapu class V (plural makapu class VI)

1. augmentative of kikapu: large basket

Trió

Etymology

From Proto-Cariban *kapu. Compare Ye'kwana kaju, Macushi ka', Panare ka', Wayana kapu, Kari'na kapu.

Noun

kapu

1. sky

Turkish

Noun

kapu

1. archaic form of kapı