Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dǫbъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Etymology tree
Origin uncertain. A Slavic innovation with no cognates outside the branch. Proposed theories:
- From Proto-Indo-European *dʰu-m-bʰ-os with nasal interfix, from *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”). Literally, “a tree with a hollow (a characteristic feature of an old oak)”.
- From Proto-Indo-European *dʰu-m-bʰ-os ~ *dʰuh₂-m-bʰ-os with nasal interfix, from *dʰewh₂- (“smoke”). Originally meaning “dark”, referring to the dark wood of an oak. Compare Sanskrit धू॒म्र (dhūmrá, “smoke; smokish, dark, darkish-red”), Ancient Greek τῠφλός (tŭphlós, “blind; dark”).
For semantic shift “oak” > “tree” compare Old Norse eik. For “dugout” compare *čьlnъ.
Noun
[edit]*dǫ̑bъ m (diminutive *dǫbikъ, related adjective *dǫběnъ or *dǫbovъ or *dǫbьnъ or *dǫbľь or *dǫbъ)[1][2][3][4]
- oak (any tree of genus Quercus)
- Synonym: *dǫbrъ
- (West and South Slavic) tree (of any genus)
- Synonym: *dȇrvo
- oak (oak wood)
- (East and South Slavic, nautical) dugout (canoe made from a hollowed-out log, primarily oak log)
- Synonym: *čьlnъ
- (North Slavic) bark, usually from an oak tree, used for tanning hides
- (figuratively) blockhead (dumb, stupid, slow-witted person)
- Synonym: *dǫbasъ
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dǫ̑bъ | *dǫ̑ba | *dǫ̑bi |
| genitive | *dǫ̑ba | *dǫbù | *dǫ̃bъ |
| dative | *dǫ̑bu | *dǫbomà | *dǫbòmъ |
| accusative | *dǫ̑bъ | *dǫ̑ba | *dǫ̑by |
| instrumental | *dǫ̑bъmь, *dǫ̑bomь* | *dǫbomà | *dǫbý |
| locative | *dǫ̑bě | *dǫbù | *dǫbě̃xъ |
| vocative | *dǫbe | *dǫ̑ba | *dǫ̑bi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dǫ̑bъ | *dǫ̑by | *dǫ̑bove |
| genitive | *dǫ̑bu | *dǫbovù | *dǫbòvъ |
| dative | *dǫ̑bovi | *dǫbъmà | *dǫ̑bъmъ |
| accusative | *dǫ̑bъ | *dǫ̑by | *dǫ̑by |
| instrumental | *dǫ̑bъmь | *dǫbъmà | *dǫbъmì |
| locative | *dǫbú | *dǫbovù | *dǫ̑bъxъ |
| vocative | *dǫbu | *dǫ̑by | *dǫ̑bove |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]adjectives
nouns
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: dọ̑b (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: domb
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964), “дуб”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – Д), Moscow: Progress, page 547
- Anikin, A. E. (2021), “дуб I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 15 (друг – еренга), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 63: “прасл. *dǫbъ ― prasl. *dǫb”
- Lehr-Spławiński, T.; Polański, K. (1962), “dǫ̇b”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław; Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 118: “*dǫbъ”
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “dąb”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 110
References
[edit]- ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dǫbъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 95
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1981), “dǫ̑bъ 1”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 4 (dob'estь – družьstvo), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 185
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dǫ̑bъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 114: “m. o (c) ‘oak’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “dǫbъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 126; PR 137); d (RPT 102)”
Etymology 2
[edit]Adjective
[edit]*dǫbъ[1]
- (West and South Slavic, relational) oak (of any tree of genus Quercus)
Declension
[edit]| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dǫbъ | *dǫba | *dǫbo |
| genitive | *dǫba | *dǫby | *dǫba |
| dative | *dǫbu | *dǫbě | *dǫbu |
| accusative | *dǫbъ | *dǫbǫ | *dǫbo |
| instrumental | *dǫbomь | *dǫbojǫ | *dǫbomь |
| locative | *dǫbě | *dǫbě | *dǫbě |
| vocative | *dǫbe | *dǫbo | *dǫbo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *dǫba | *dǫbě | *dǫbě |
| genitive | *dǫbu | *dǫbu | *dǫbu |
| dative | *dǫboma | *dǫbama | *dǫboma |
| accusative | *dǫba | *dǫbě | *dǫbě |
| instrumental | *dǫboma | *dǫbama | *dǫboma |
| locative | *dǫbu | *dǫbu | *dǫbu |
| vocative | *dǫba | *dǫbě | *dǫbě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *dǫbi | *dǫby | *dǫba |
| genitive | *dǫbъ | *dǫbъ | *dǫbъ |
| dative | *dǫbomъ | *dǫbamъ | *dǫbomъ |
| accusative | *dǫby | *dǫby | *dǫba |
| instrumental | *dǫby | *dǫbami | *dǫby |
| locative | *dǫběxъ | *dǫbaxъ | *dǫběxъ |
| vocative | *dǫbi | *dǫby | *dǫba |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *dǫbъjь | *dǫbaja | *dǫboje |
| genitive | *dǫbajego | *dǫbyję̇ | *dǫbajego |
| dative | *dǫbujemu | *dǫběji | *dǫbujemu |
| accusative | *dǫbъjь | *dǫbǫjǫ | *dǫboje |
| instrumental | *dǫbyjimь | *dǫbǫjǫ | *dǫbyjimь |
| locative | *dǫbějemь | *dǫběji | *dǫbějemь |
| vocative | *dǫbъjь | *dǫbaja | *dǫboje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *dǫbaja | *dǫběji | *dǫběji |
| genitive | *dǫbuju | *dǫbuju | *dǫbuju |
| dative | *dǫbyjima | *dǫbyjima | *dǫbyjima |
| accusative | *dǫbaja | *dǫběji | *dǫběji |
| instrumental | *dǫbyjima | *dǫbyjima | *dǫbyjima |
| locative | *dǫbuju | *dǫbuju | *dǫbuju |
| vocative | *dǫbaja | *dǫběji | *dǫběji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *dǫbiji | *dǫbyję̇ | *dǫbaja |
| genitive | *dǫbъjixъ | *dǫbъjixъ | *dǫbъjixъ |
| dative | *dǫbyjimъ | *dǫbyjimъ | *dǫbyjimъ |
| accusative | *dǫbyję̇ | *dǫbyję̇ | *dǫbaja |
| instrumental | *dǫbyjimi | *dǫbyjimi | *dǫbyjimi |
| locative | *dǫbyjixъ | *dǫbyjixъ | *dǫbyjixъ |
| vocative | *dǫbiji | *dǫbyję̇ | *dǫbaja |
Descendants
[edit]- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
[edit]- ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1981), “dǫ̑bъ 2”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 4 (dob'estь – družьstvo), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 188
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic masculine nouns
- Western and southern regional Proto-Slavic
- Eastern and southern regional Proto-Slavic
- sla-pro:Nautical
- Northern regional Proto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c
- Proto-Slavic u-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ъ
- Proto-Slavic adjectives
- Proto-Slavic relational adjectives
- Proto-Slavic hard adjectives
- sla-pro:Beech family plants
- sla-pro:Woods
- sla-pro:Hides
- sla-pro:Watercraft
- sla-pro:People