Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gaziti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

• ЭССЯ: probably from *gazъ, from extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”)
• Derksen: from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāˀź-, from Proto-Indo-European *g(ʷ)eHǵʰ-

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian góžti (“to overthrow, overturn, pour out”), Latvian gâzt (“to overthrow, overturn, pour (out)”)

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit गाहते (gāhate, “to penetrate, step into the water, wade”)

Verb

*gàziti impf

1. to wade
2. to tread, tread on, tread down

Inflection

Conjugation of *gaziti, *gazi, *gazitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*gaženьje	*gaziti	*gazitъ	*gazilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*gaženъ	*gazimъ
Active	*gažь	*gazę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gazixъ	*gazi	*gazi	*gažǫ	*gaziši	*gazitь
Dual	*gazixově	*gazista	*gaziste	*gazivě	*gazita	*gazite
Plural	*gazixomъ	*gaziste	*gazišę	*gazimъ	*gazite	*gazętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*gažaaxъ	*gažaaše	*gažaaše	—	*gazi	*gazi
Dual	*gažaaxově	*gažaašeta	*gažaašete	*gazivě	*gazita	—
Plural	*gažaaxomъ	*gažaašete	*gažaaxǫ	*gazimъ	*gazite	—

Notes:
• (*)*gazivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

• *nagaziti

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:
    • ⇒ Russian Church Slavonic: изгазити (izgaziti)
  • Bulgarian: га́зя (gázja, “to tread; to override, to get in trouble”)
  • Macedonian: гази (gazi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: га̏зити

    Latin script: gȁziti

  • Slovene: gáziti
    • → Gottscheerish: gazn

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gaziti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 113