Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopytьnikъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*kopytъnikъ (Asarum europaeum) (noun sense 1)

*kopytъnikъ (Tussilago farfara) (noun sense 2)

Etymology

From *kopyto +‎ *-ьnikъ, so called because of the form of its leaf, which is evident because Asarum europaeum and Tussilago farfara are unrelated but have a similarly looking leaf.

Noun

*kopytьnikъ m

2. hazelwort (Asarum europaeum)
4. coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara)

   Synonym: *podъbělъ

5. (farriery) hoof trimmer, hoof nipper

Inflection

Declension of *kopytьnikъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kopytьnikъ	*kopytьnika	*kopytьnici
genitive	*kopytьnika	*kopytьniku	*kopytьnikъ
dative	*kopytьniku	*kopytьnikoma	*kopytьnikomъ
accusative	*kopytьnikъ	*kopytьnika	*kopytьniky
instrumental	*kopytьnikъmь, *kopytьnikomь*	*kopytьnikoma	*kopytьniky
locative	*kopytьnicě	*kopytьniku	*kopytьnicěxъ
vocative	*kopytьniče	*kopytьnika	*kopytьnici

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: копꙑтникъ (kopytnikŭ, “Asarum europaeum”)
    • Russian: копы́тень (kopýtenʹ), dialectally копы́тник (kopýtnik)
    • Ukrainian: копи́тник (kopýtnyk), копитня́к (kopytnják, “Asarum europaeum”)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: копи́тник (kopítnik), dialectally копи́тняк (kopítnjak, “Asarum europaeum”)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (“Asarum europaeum, Tussilago farfara; hoof nipper”)

    Cyrillic script: ко̀питња̄к, dialectally ко̀питник

    Latin script: kòpitnjāk, dialectally kòpitnik

  • Slovene: kopȋtnik (“Asarum europaeum; hoof nipper”)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: kopytník
    • Czech: kopytník
  • Old Polish: kopytnik
    • Polish: kopytnik
  • Slovak: kopytník
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kopytnik

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: kopotnyak, kapotnyak (“Asarum europaeum”)
  • →? Romanian: popílnic, pochivnic, popâlnic, popivnic, potivnic, pochirnic

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kopytьnikъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 37