Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьnikъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compound masculine suffix from *-ьnъ + *-ikъ. Parallel to *-ьnica f for derivatives in feminine gender.
Suffix
[edit]*-ьnikъ m
- From base concept nouns, forms agent nouns who execute or embark in the referred concept
- *pǫtь (“path”) → *pǫtьnikъ (“traveler, passenger”)
- *kry (“blood”) → *krъvьnikъ (“hangman, avenger”)
- *mętežь (“scuffle, mutiny”) → *mętežьnikъ (“rioter”)
- *orbota (“work”) → *orbotьnikъ (“worker”)
- *směхъ (“laughter”) → *směšьnikъ (“funnyman, clown”)
- *zakonъ (“law”) → *zakonьnikъ (“law-maker, lawyer, canon”)
- From base object nouns, forms derivative object nouns
- *dьrvo (“tree”) → *dьrvьnikъ (“block, log”)
- *peťь (“oven, cook”) → *peťьnikъ (“furnace”)
- *sъborъ (“aggregate, sum”) → *sъborьnikъ (“collection, anthology”)
- From concept nouns in *-ostь, forms carrier nouns of the specified concept
- *xubostь (“handsomeness”) → *xubostьnikъ (“handsome man”)
- *pakostь (“mischief, vicissitude”) → *pakostьnikъ (“varmint, trickster”)
- From prepositions, forms subject nouns exhibiting the specified proposition
- *protivъ (“against”) → *protivьnikъ (“opponent”)
- *nadъ (“over, upon”) → *nadьnikъ (“bonus”)
- Pre-Slavic *porzdъ (“over there, forwards with skipping one”) → *porzdьnikъ (“holiday”)
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-ьnikъ | *-ьnika | *-ьnici |
| genitive | *-ьnika | *-ьniku | *-ьnikъ |
| dative | *-ьniku | *-ьnikoma | *-ьnikomъ |
| accusative | *-ьnikъ | *-ьnika | *-ьniky |
| instrumental | *-ьnikъmь, *-ьnikomь* | *-ьnikoma | *-ьniky |
| locative | *-ьnicě | *-ьniku | *-ьnicěxъ |
| vocative | *-ьniče | *-ьnika | *-ьnici |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
[edit]- Duridinov et al. (1991) "-ьникъ" in Граматика на старобългарския език (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 183
- I. Erofeyeva (2010): "Личные дериваты с суффиксом -(ьн)икъ в ментально-культурном пространстве языка Русских летописей" (in Russian), Kazan State University
Categories:
- Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ikъ
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьnъ
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic suffixes
- Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes
- Proto-Slavic masculine suffixes
- Proto-Slavic hard o-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic hard masculine o-stem nouns