Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lěpъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From *lěpiti +‎ *-ъ, technically constructed as *lojь (“fat, tallow”) +‎ *-pъ.

Noun

*lě̑pъ m

1. glue

Inflection

Declension of *lě̑pъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lě̑pъ	*lě̑pa	*lě̑pi
genitive	*lě̑pa	*lěpù	*lě̃pъ
dative	*lě̑pu	*lěpomà	*lěpòmъ
accusative	*lě̑pъ	*lě̑pa	*lě̑py
instrumental	*lě̑pъmь, *lě̑pomь*	*lěpomà	*lěpý
locative	*lě̑pě	*lěpù	*lěpě̃xъ
vocative	*lěpe	*lě̑pa	*lě̑pi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:
    • Church Slavonic: лѣпъ (lěpŭ)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ли̏јеп

    Latin script: lȉjep

  • Slovene: lẹ̑p (tonal orthography) (archaic)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: lep
  • Polish: lep
  • Slovak: lep
  • Slovincian: lep
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: lip
    • Upper Sorbian: lěp

Etymology 2

Per Derksen, from the same origin as the noun *lěpъ (“glue”) via semantic shift gluey, anointed → abundant, rich, satiate → beautiful. Compare potentially akin Ancient Greek λιπαρός (liparós, “oily, greasy; splendid, glimmering (of appearence), rich (of conditions)”). For another way of semantic development compare typologically Latin fōrmōsus, fōrmō (< fōrma).

Adjective

*lě̑pъ (comparative *lěpьjь)

1. beautiful

Inflection

Indefinite declension of *lěpъ (hard, accent paradigm c)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lě̑pъ	*lě̑pa	*lě̑po
genitive	*lě̑pa	*lě̑py	*lě̑pa
dative	*lě̑pu	*lě̑pě	*lě̑pu
accusative	*lě̑pъ	*lě̑pǫ	*lě̑po
instrumental	*lě̑pomь	*lě̑pojǫ	*lě̑pomь
locative	*lě̑pě	*lě̑pě	*lě̑pě
vocative	*lě̑pe	*lě̑po	*lě̑po
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lě̑pa	*lě̑pě	*lě̑pě
genitive	*lě̑pu	*lě̑pu	*lě̑pu
dative	*lě̑poma	*lě̑pama	*lě̑poma
accusative	*lě̑pa	*lě̑pě	*lě̑pě
instrumental	*lě̑poma	*lě̑pama	*lě̑poma
locative	*lě̑pu	*lě̑pu	*lě̑pu
vocative	*lě̑pa	*lě̑pě	*lě̑pě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lě̑pi	*lě̑py	*lě̑pa
genitive	*lě̑pъ	*lě̑pъ	*lě̑pъ
dative	*lě̑pomъ	*lě̑pamъ	*lě̑pomъ
accusative	*lě̑py	*lě̑py	*lě̑pa
instrumental	*lě̑py	*lě̑pami	*lě̑py
locative	*lě̑pěxъ	*lě̑paxъ	*lě̑pěxъ
vocative	*lě̑pi	*lě̑py	*lě̑pa

Definite declension of *lěpъ (hard, accent paradigm c)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lě̑pъjь	*lě̑paja	*lě̑poje
genitive	*lě̑pajego	*lě̑pyję̇	*lě̑pajego
dative	*lě̑pujemu	*lě̑pěji	*lě̑pujemu
accusative	*lě̑pъjь	*lě̑pǫjǫ	*lě̑poje
instrumental	*lě̑pyjimь	*lě̑pǫjǫ	*lě̑pyjimь
locative	*lě̑pějemь	*lě̑pěji	*lě̑pějemь
vocative	*lě̑pъjь	*lě̑paja	*lě̑poje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lě̑paja	*lě̑pěji	*lě̑pěji
genitive	*lě̑puju	*lě̑puju	*lě̑puju
dative	*lě̑pyjima	*lě̑pyjima	*lě̑pyjima
accusative	*lě̑paja	*lě̑pěji	*lě̑pěji
instrumental	*lě̑pyjima	*lě̑pyjima	*lě̑pyjima
locative	*lě̑puju	*lě̑puju	*lě̑puju
vocative	*lě̑paja	*lě̑pěji	*lě̑pěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lě̑piji	*lě̑pyję̇	*lě̑paja
genitive	*lě̑pъjixъ	*lě̑pъjixъ	*lě̑pъjixъ
dative	*lě̑pyjimъ	*lě̑pyjimъ	*lě̑pyjimъ
accusative	*lě̑pyję̇	*lě̑pyję̇	*lě̑paja
instrumental	*lě̑pyjimi	*lě̑pyjimi	*lě̑pyjimi
locative	*lě̑pyjixъ	*lě̑pyjixъ	*lě̑pyjixъ
vocative	*lě̑piji	*lě̑pyję̇	*lě̑paja

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: ле́пы (ljépy) (archaic)
  • Russian: ле́пый (lépyj) (archaic), Russian: неле́пый (nelépyj)
  • Ukrainian: лі́пий (lípyj) (archaic)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: лѣпъ (lěpŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰾⱑⱂⱏ (lěpŭ)

  • Bulgarian: леп (lep) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ле̑п, лије̑п

    Latin script: lȇp, lijȇp

  • Slovene: lẹ̑p (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: lepý
    • Czech: lepý (literary)
  • Slovak: lepý