Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skopiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skop- (“to grave, to cut, to strike”) + *-iti. Parallel to Proto-Slavic *kopati (“to dig, to grave”). Possibly of expressive origin, comparable with Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ- (“to shave, to shear”) > Proto-Germanic *skabaną.

Seems to be related to Lithuanian skõpti (“to cut, to grave”), however, the root grades do not match.

Verb

*skopiti impf

1. to castrate, to geld

Inflection

Conjugation of *skopiti, *skopi, *skopitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*skopľenьje	*skopiti	*skopitъ	*skopilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*skopľenъ	*skopimъ
Active	*skopľь	*skopę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*skopixъ	*skopi	*skopi	*skopľǫ	*skopiši	*skopitь
Dual	*skopixově	*skopista	*skopiste	*skopivě	*skopita	*skopite
Plural	*skopixomъ	*skopiste	*skopišę	*skopimъ	*skopite	*skopętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*skopľaaxъ	*skopľaaše	*skopľaaše	—	*skopi	*skopi
Dual	*skopľaaxově	*skopľaašeta	*skopľaašete	*skopivě	*skopita	—
Plural	*skopľaaxomъ	*skopľaašete	*skopľaaxǫ	*skopimъ	*skopite	—

Notes:
• (*)*skopivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

• *skopьcь (“eunuch, castrated animal”)
• *skopakъ (“gelding (castrated horse)”)

Related terms

• *ščepa (“woodchips”) (probably)
  • *ščepati (“to chip”)
  • *ščepiti (“to chop, to pinch”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: скопи́ть (skopítʹ)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: шкопи́ц (škopýc)
  • Ukrainian: скопи́ти (skopýty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: скопити (skopiti)
    • → Romanian: scopi
  • Bulgarian: скопя́ (skopjá)
  • Macedonian: скопи (skopi)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ско̀пити

    Latin script: skòpiti

  • Slovene: skopīti
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: skopiti
  • Polish: skopić
  • Slovak: skopiť

• Non-Slavic:
• → Albanian: shkopis

Further reading

• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “скопя, скопявам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 780