Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/verti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wérˀtei, perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer-.

Slavic may have inherited two synchronic forms from the same root:

thematic present with fixed accent;
athematic sigmatic aorist with mobile.

Verb

*vertì^[1]

to shove, to thrust, to prod
Synonyms: *pьxati, *sovati

Inflection

Conjugation of *verti, *ver, *vьretь (impf., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*vьrtьje	*verti	*vertъ	*vьrlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*vьrtъ	*vьromъ
Active	*vьrъ	*vьry

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*verxъ	*ver	*ver	*vьrǫ	*vьreši	*vьretь
Dual	*verxově	*versta	*verste	*vьrevě	*vьreta	*vьrete
Plural	*verxomъ	*verste	*veršę	*vьremъ	*vьrete	*vьrǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vьrěaxъ	*vьrěaše	*vьrěaše	—	*vьri	*vьri
Dual	*vьrěaxově	*vьrěašeta	*vьrěašete	*vьrěvě	*vьrěta	—
Plural	*vьrěaxomъ	*vьrěašete	*vьrěaxǫ	*vьrěmъ	*vьrěte	—

(*)*vьrenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Intensive vŗddhi-form in derivatives: *-virati

Derived terms

*jьzverti, *vyverti
*naverti
*otъverti
*proverti
*sъverti
*vъverti
*uverti
*zaverti
*verěja (“gatepost”)
*verťa (“sack”)
*-vorъ, *-vora
- *ob(v)orъ (“barn”), *ob(v)ora (“string”)
- *otъvorъ (“opening”)
- *sъvora (“staple”)
- *zavorъ (“closure”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Russian: вере́ть (verétʹ) (obsolete)
  - ⇒ Russian: вера́ть (verátʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: врѣти (vrěti)
  - ⇒ Romanian: vârî
- Bulgarian: вра́ (vrá)
- ^{The template Template:desc/sl-tonal does not use the parameter(s): qq=obsolete
  Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Slovene: vẹ́rti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: -vřieti
  - Czech: -vřít
- Old Polish: wrzeć (“to squeeze, press”)

References

^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “vrẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*verti̋, sed. *vьrǫ̋”