Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-miĺ

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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

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preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U E / I / Ö / Ü
*-mïĺ *-miĺ

Etymology

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Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-mel (suffix forming resultive nouns from verbs).

Suffix

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*-miĺ

  1. Forms past tense, heard, unseen, unexperienced or otherwise unclear to the speaker.
    *seb- (to love) + ‎*-miĺ → ‎*sebmiĺ ((I guess/I heard that) she/he/it loved.)
  2. Forms the perfect participle of a verb.
    *öl- (to die) + ‎*-miĺ → ‎*ölmiĺ (dead)

Usage notes

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Non-verbs cannot directly take past tenses. The verb Proto-Turkic *er- (to be (aux.)) takes the past tense suffix and with it the meaning of the past tense is provided. For example; *eb er- (house + to be) + ‎*-miĺ → ‎*eb ermiĺ ((I guess/I heard that) it was a house.).

Derived terms

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  • *-ti (past tense seen or clear)
  • *-gan (verbal adjective)

Descendants

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Some of these may indicate that this suffix only survive in forms of *er- (to be).

  • Common Turkic:

References

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