Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/köŕ
Proto-Turkic
[edit]Alternative Reconstruction
[edit]- *köz (per Räsänen)
- *kȫz (per Sevortyan, Gerald Clauson)
- *kör-s(i) (per EDAL, Fedotov (1996))
Reconstruction Notes
[edit]Reconstruction of the final palatalized rhotic (*ŕ) depends on whether Chuvash form is genuine or a Tatar borrowing.
Etymology
[edit]Possibly an anthimeric (zero derivation) form of *kör- (“to see”).
There is no consensus on the origin of the Chuvash куҫ (kuś), which is integral in part of determining the antiquity of the Proto-Turkic root. EDAL, Sevortyan, Yegorov and Fedotov suppose that Chuvash form indeed goes back to Proto-Turkic stage, but each with different reconstructions and methods. Eren (1982), in his remarks on Yegorov's work, disagree that Chuvash form may come from Proto-Turkic but Tatar.
Nişanyan comments on the dubiousness of this root being derived from *kör-.
Altaicists assume *köŕ ~ *körs and compare this reconstruction (along with *kör- (“to see”), which is also assumed to be from the same root) with Khalkha Mongolian горьдлого (gorʹdlogo, “hope”), Proto-Tungusic [Term?] (“to look out, to appear”) and Korean 그립다 (geuripda, “to miss, to long for”). However, Altaic hypothesis and comparisons are severely criticized by mainstream consensus.
Siberian languages at large have adopted *karak (“eye, pupil”), replacing the original *köz.
Noun
[edit]*köŕ
Declension
[edit]Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *köŕ |
Accusative | *köŕüg, *köŕni1) |
Genitive | *köŕnüŋ |
Dative | *köŕke |
Locative | *köŕte |
Ablative | *köŕten |
Allative | *köŕgerü |
Instrumental 2) | *köŕün |
Equative 2) | *köŕče |
Similative 2) | *köŕleyü |
Comitative 2) | *köŕlügü |
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
[edit]- >? Oghur: *köŕ
- >? Old Chuvash: *kur(s/či)[1]
- Common Turkic: *köz
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: köz
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian Turkic:
Further reading
[edit]- ^ Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “куҫ I/коҫ I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, page 315
- ^ Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “куҫ I/коҫ I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, page 314
- ^ The template Template:R:TMN does not use the parameter(s):
1=كوزكی
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Doerfer, Gerhard (1963–1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 638
- Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, pages 172, 181, 206-7, 222
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kö:z”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 756
- Eren, Hasan (1982) “Remarks on V. G. Egorov's Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language”, in Studies in Chuvash Etymology I, page 38
- Fedotov, M. R. (1996) “куҫ I/коҫ I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, pages 314-315
- The template Template:R:TMN does not use the parameter(s):
1=كوزكی
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)[2] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 637-639 - Jegorov, V. G. (1964) “куҫ I”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, page 120
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “göz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- The template Template:R:trk:Rasanen does not use the parameter(s):
1=köz
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 295 - Sevortjan, E. V. (1980) “гөз”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Nauka, pages 60-63
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*göŕ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 209
- Tietze, Andreas (2002, 2009) “göz”, in Tarihi ve Etimolojik Türkiye Türkçesi Lügati [Historical and Etymological Dictionary of Turkish] (in Turkish), volume 3, Istanbul, Vienna, pages 273-274