Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/kolme
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This Proto-Uralic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Uralic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
One of the few words found in all languages of the traditional Finno-Ugric group, but absent from Samoyedic (contrast Proto-Samoyedic *nakur).
Reconstruction[edit]
The Hungarian and Mansi forms point to *kormɜ. Kulonen (2002) and Janhunen (2009) suggest that this may be more original than the forms pointing to *-lm- (especially given that original Proto-Uralic *-lm-, for example in *śilmä, does not otherwise behave like in this lexeme); according to Kulonen, these could result from analogy with *neljä (“four”).
Numeral[edit]
| < 2 | 3 | 4 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : *kolme | ||
*kolme
Descendants[edit]
From *kormɜ:
From *kolme:
- Ugric:
- Proto-Permic: *kwiń (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Mari: *kŭm (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Mordvinic: *kolmə
- Proto-Samic: *kolmë (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Finnic: *kolmi (see there for further descendants)
Related terms[edit]
- *kolmamte (“third”)
References[edit]
- Janhunen, Juha. 2009. "Proto-Uralic—what, where and when?" In: The quasquicentennial of the Finno-Ugrian Society. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 258, pp. 57–78.
- Kulonen, Ulla-Maija. 2002. "Suomalaiset ja suomalais-ugrilaiset luvut ja lukusanat" ('Finnish and Finno-Ugric numbers and numerals'). In: Graham Flegg, Lukujen historia: Sormilla laskemisesta tietokoneisiin, pp. 258–301. Helsinki: Art House. →ISBN
External links[edit]
- Entry #341 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.