Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/frastān

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *fra- +‎ *stān (“to stand”).

Verb

*frastān

to understand
Synonym: *understandan
to observe

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Related terms

*frastandan

Descendants

Old Frisian: forstān
- West Frisian: ferstean, forstean
Old Saxon: *farstān
- Middle Low German: vörstân, vorstân, vorestân
  - German Low German: verstahn
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: forstå
  - → Norwegian Nynorsk: forstå
    - Russenorsk: forstå
  - → Danish: forstå
  - → Swedish: förstå
Old Dutch: farstān
- Middle Dutch: verstâen
  - Dutch: verstaan
    - Afrikaans: verstaan
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: frustan, furstan
    - Jersey Dutch: verstâne
    - Negerhollands: verstaan, fostó, fóstán, verstaen
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: forstan, forestan
    - → Sranan Tongo: ferstan, frustan (see there for further descendants)
Old High German: firstān, firstēn
- Middle High German: verstān, virstēn, vorstēn, ferstān, firstēn, forstēn
  - Bavarian: versteh
  - German: verstehen